1.Easy
The free movement of capital under Article 63 TFEU applies to movements:
- AOnly to transfers made by governments
- BBetween member states and also between member states and third countries
- COnly between member states, and with third countries only by special agreement
- DOnly between member states of the euro area
2.Easy
Where is the European Central Bank based?
- AFrankfurt am Main
- BBrussels
- CParis
- DLuxembourg
3.Easy
Members of the European Parliament are:
- AElected by national parliaments only
- BChosen by the Commission
- CDirectly elected by citizens of the member states
- DAppointed by national governments
4.Medium
Directives generally do NOT have:
- AVertical direct effect against the state
- BHorizontal direct effect between private parties
- CAny legal effect at all
- DBinding force after the transposition deadline
5.Medium
Under Article 51 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, the Charter binds member states:
- AOnly when they are implementing EU law
- BOnly when their constitution allows it
- CIn all their activities, including purely national matters
- DNever, as it binds only the EU institutions
6.Medium
Costa v ENEL (1964) established:
- AThe supremacy (primacy) of EU law over national law
- BThe principle of subsidiarity
- CThe direct effect of regulations
- DState liability for breaches of EU law
7.Hard
In Opinion 2/13 (2014), the Court of Justice held that the draft agreement on EU accession to the ECHR:
- AWas unnecessary because the EU had already acceded
- BWas compatible with the Treaties, provided the Council approved it unanimously after consulting Parliament
- CWas incompatible with the Treaties, in part because it threatened the autonomy of EU law
- DCould only be ratified by a referendum in each state
8.Hard
In CIA Security (1996), Belgian technical rules not notified to the Commission as required by a directive were held to be:
- AValid, because directives do not have horizontal direct effect
- BValid until the Commission brings infringement proceedings
- CInapplicable, even in a dispute between private competitors
- DVoid only in disputes against the Belgian state
Answer key
- 1. B · Between member states and also between member states and third countries
- 2. A · Frankfurt am Main
- 3. C · Directly elected by citizens of the member states
- 4. B · Horizontal direct effect between private parties
- 5. A · Only when they are implementing EU law
- 6. A · The supremacy (primacy) of EU law over national law
- 7. C · Was incompatible with the Treaties, in part because it threatened the autonomy of EU law
- 8. C · Inapplicable, even in a dispute between private competitors
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