1.Easy
Which TFEU article provides for the free movement of workers?
- AArticle 157
- BArticle 101
- CArticle 34
- DArticle 45
2.Easy
The European Council consists of:
- AThe Members of the European Parliament elected in each state
- BThe heads of state or government of the member states, its President and the Commission President
- CThe judges of the Court of Justice and the General Court
- DThe ministers of the member states for each policy area, chaired by the rotating Council presidency
3.Easy
Where is the European Central Bank based?
- ALuxembourg
- BFrankfurt am Main
- CBrussels
- DParis
4.Medium
Directives generally do NOT have:
- AHorizontal direct effect between private parties
- BBinding force after the transposition deadline
- CAny legal effect at all
- DVertical direct effect against the state
5.Medium
Article 352 TFEU (the flexibility clause) allows the EU to act where the Treaties have not provided the necessary powers, but requires:
- AA referendum in every member state
- BUnanimity in the Council and the consent of the European Parliament
- CQualified majority in the Council and the consent of the European Parliament
- DA simple majority in the Parliament only
6.Medium
Which article of the TFEU prohibits anti-competitive agreements between undertakings?
- AArticle 45
- BArticle 107
- CArticle 102
- DArticle 101
7.Hard
In AKZO (1991), the Court of Justice stated that a market share of 50% or more:
- AIs required before any investigation of dominance
- BIs automatically an abuse of a dominant position, without any further analysis being needed by the Commission
- CIs irrelevant to the assessment of dominance
- DCan in itself be evidence of a dominant position, in the absence of exceptional circumstances
8.Hard
In Mangold (2005) and Kücükdeveci (2010), the Court allowed an individual to rely on EU law against a private employer because:
- AThe prohibition of age discrimination is a general principle of EU law, given expression in a directive
- BThe national law had been annulled by the Commission
- CThe employer was an emanation of the state
- DThe directive on equal treatment in employment had horizontal direct effect in itself after the transposition deadline
Answer key
- 1. D · Article 45
- 2. B · The heads of state or government of the member states, its President and the Commission President
- 3. B · Frankfurt am Main
- 4. A · Horizontal direct effect between private parties
- 5. B · Unanimity in the Council and the consent of the European Parliament
- 6. D · Article 101
- 7. D · Can in itself be evidence of a dominant position, in the absence of exceptional circumstances
- 8. A · The prohibition of age discrimination is a general principle of EU law, given expression in a directive
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