1.Easy
Which TFEU article provides for the free movement of workers?
- AArticle 157
- BArticle 101
- CArticle 34
- DArticle 45
2.Easy
Which EU court hears most direct actions brought by individuals and companies at first instance?
- AThe European Court of Human Rights
- BThe Court of Justice
- CThe General Court
- DThe Court of Auditors
3.Easy
Which TFEU article prohibits the abuse of a dominant position?
- AArticle 107
- BArticle 101
- CArticle 102
- DArticle 56
4.Medium
The Cassis de Dijon judgment introduced:
- AState liability
- BMutual recognition and mandatory requirements as justifications for indistinctly applicable measures
- CThe rule that indistinctly applicable measures can be justified only on the grounds listed exhaustively in Article 36 TFEU
- DEU citizenship
5.Medium
Under the subsidiarity protocol, a "yellow card" is triggered when reasoned opinions represent at least:
- AA simple majority of the votes of the Members of the European Parliament
- BOne third of the votes allocated to national parliaments
- CAll national parliaments
- DTwo member state governments
6.Medium
Francovich (1991) established that:
- AMember states can be liable to pay damages for failing to implement a directive
- BThe Commission can annul national laws
- CDirectives have horizontal direct effect
- DIndividuals can enforce unimplemented directives directly against private employers
7.Hard
In Grzelczyk (2001), a French student in Belgium was refused a minimum subsistence allowance. The Court held:
- AStudents have no rights under EU law in a host state
- BOnly workers may claim social benefits in a host state
- CUnion citizenship is destined to be the fundamental status of nationals, so he could not be refused it on grounds of nationality
- DThe allowance was outside EU law entirely
8.Hard
In Dorsch Consult (1997), the Court listed factors for deciding whether a body is a "court or tribunal" that may refer under Article 267, including whether it:
- AHas judges who trained in EU law
- BIs established by law, permanent, independent and applies rules of law
- CIs a court of last instance
- DIs called a court in national law and hears appeals from the lower courts
Answer key
- 1. D · Article 45
- 2. C · The General Court
- 3. C · Article 102
- 4. B · Mutual recognition and mandatory requirements as justifications for indistinctly applicable measures
- 5. B · One third of the votes allocated to national parliaments
- 6. A · Member states can be liable to pay damages for failing to implement a directive
- 7. C · Union citizenship is destined to be the fundamental status of nationals, so he could not be refused it on grounds of nationality
- 8. B · Is established by law, permanent, independent and applies rules of law
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