Human physiology worksheet with answers

The systolic blood pressure is the pressure in the arteries:

1. AWhen the ventricles relax
2. BWhen the atria contract
3. CBetween two heartbeats, during diastole
4. DWhen the ventricles contract

Which structure of the inner ear converts sound vibrations into nerve signals?

1. AAuditory tube
2. BCochlea
3. CSemicircular canals
4. DTympanic membrane

Which hormone raises blood calcium levels?

1. ACalcitonin
2. BInsulin
3. CParathyroid hormone
4. DThyroxine

Where does the final activation step of vitamin D (1-alpha hydroxylation) take place?

1. ALiver
2. BSkin
3. CKidney
4. DSmall intestine

What causes the first heart sound (S1)?

1. AClosure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
2. BOpening of the aortic valve
3. CClosure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
4. DBlood filling the atria

How does glucagon raise blood glucose?

1. AIt blocks insulin receptors on fat cells
2. BIt stimulates glucose uptake by muscle
3. CIt slows glucose absorption from the gut
4. DIt stimulates glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the liver

In pernicious anaemia, autoimmune destruction of gastric parietal cells leads to anaemia because:

1. AIntrinsic factor is lost, so vitamin B12 is not absorbed
2. BPepsin is lost, so haemoglobin cannot be made
3. CGastrin is lost, so the bone marrow is no longer stimulated
4. DAcid is lost, so iron is never absorbed in any form

Hodgkin and Huxley's classic studies of the ionic basis of the action potential used which preparation?

1. ACultured human cortical neurons
2. BThe squid giant axon
3. CThe frog sciatic nerve–muscle preparation
4. DThe cat spinal cord