Human physiology worksheet with answers

Which blood cells carry most of the oxygen in the blood?

1. APlasma cells
2. BPlatelets
3. CWhite blood cells
4. DRed blood cells

What does bile do to fats in the small intestine?

1. AEmulsifies them into small droplets
2. BConverts them into glucose
3. CAbsorbs them directly into the blood
4. DBreaks them into amino acids

Which hormone, made mainly by the kidneys, stimulates red blood cell production?

1. AErythropoietin
2. BAldosterone
3. CRenin
4. DThrombopoietin

Which hormone is released by the adrenal cortex in response to ACTH?

1. AThyroxine
2. BAldosterone, as the main response
3. CAdrenaline
4. DCortisol

Which hormone makes the gallbladder contract after a fatty meal?

1. AGastrin
2. BInsulin
3. CSecretin
4. DCholecystokinin (CCK)

Mean arterial pressure is approximately equal to:

1. AStroke volume × total peripheral vascular resistance
2. BHeart rate × stroke volume
3. CCardiac output ÷ heart rate
4. DCardiac output × total peripheral resistance

A pulmonary embolus blocks blood flow to a well-ventilated region of lung. How does the ventilation–perfusion (V/Q) ratio of that region change?

1. AIt becomes low, like in pneumonia
2. BIt becomes very high, acting as dead space
3. CIt stays normal because ventilation falls too
4. DIt becomes zero, acting as a shunt

Why does a person with a high spinal cord injury above T1 risk low blood pressure?

1. AThe phrenic nerve can no longer control the tone of the arteries
2. BThe sympathetic outflow to the vessels and heart is cut off
3. CRenin release from the kidney stops completely
4. DThe vagus nerve is cut, so the heart rate rises