Human physiology worksheet with answers

Which hormone, made mainly by the kidneys, stimulates red blood cell production?

1. AErythropoietin
2. BAldosterone
3. CThrombopoietin
4. DRenin

Which hormone raises blood calcium levels?

1. AInsulin
2. BCalcitonin
3. CThyroxine
4. DParathyroid hormone

Which pituitary hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?

1. AThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
2. BLuteinising hormone (LH)
3. CAdrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
4. DGrowth hormone (GH)

What is anatomical dead space?

1. AThe space between the two pleural layers
2. BThe volume of the conducting airways where no gas exchange happens
3. CThe air that stays in the lungs after full exhalation (residual volume)
4. DAlveoli that have collapsed completely

Why do myelinated axons conduct action potentials faster than unmyelinated ones?

1. AThe impulse jumps between nodes of Ranvier
2. BMyelin makes the axon thinner
3. CMyelin contains more sodium channels
4. DMyelin releases neurotransmitter along the axon

Which receptors respond mainly to a fall in arterial oxygen levels?

1. AStretch receptors in the lungs
2. BBaroreceptors in the carotid sinus
3. CCentral chemoreceptors in the medulla
4. DPeripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies

In pernicious anaemia, autoimmune destruction of gastric parietal cells leads to anaemia because:

1. AAcid is lost, so iron is never absorbed in any form
2. BPepsin is lost, so haemoglobin cannot be made
3. CIntrinsic factor is lost, so vitamin B12 is not absorbed
4. DGastrin is lost, so the bone marrow is no longer stimulated

Which change shifts the oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?

1. AHigher pH
2. BHigher temperature
3. CLower 2,3-BPG
4. DLower CO₂