Human physiology worksheet with answers

What does bile do to fats in the small intestine?

1. ABreaks them into amino acids
2. BEmulsifies them into small droplets
3. CConverts them into glucose
4. DAbsorbs them directly into the blood

Which organ filters the blood to produce urine?

1. ABladder
2. BLiver
3. CSpleen
4. DKidney

Exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues happens mainly across the walls of:

1. AVeins
2. BArterioles
3. CCapillaries
4. DArteries

What is the main stimulus for breathing in a healthy person?

1. AA rise in arterial CO₂
2. BA fall in blood pH caused by lactate only
3. CA fall in arterial O₂
4. DA rise in blood glucose

Low plasma albumin, as in severe liver disease, causes oedema mainly because:

1. ALymphatic drainage increases
2. BThe capillaries become impermeable
3. CCapillary hydrostatic pressure falls
4. DPlasma oncotic pressure falls

During contraction of a skeletal muscle sarcomere, which band stays the same length?

1. AThe whole sarcomere
2. BA band
3. CI band
4. DH zone

Which mechanism mainly creates the concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney?

1. AThe countercurrent multiplier of the loop of Henle
2. BSecretion of urea into the proximal tubule
3. CGlomerular filtration
4. DADH acting on the descending limb

A healthy person stands up quickly after lying down. Which reflex response prevents fainting?

1. AADH release immediately doubles blood volume
2. BThe baroreceptor reflex raises heart rate and vasoconstriction
3. CThe chemoreceptor reflex raises breathing rate and arterial oxygen levels
4. DThe Bainbridge reflex lowers heart rate