Human physiology worksheet with answers

What does bile do to fats in the small intestine?

1. AAbsorbs them directly into the blood
2. BBreaks them into amino acids
3. CEmulsifies them into small droplets
4. DConverts them into glucose

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle?

1. ANoradrenaline
2. BAcetylcholine
3. CDopamine
4. DSerotonin

Which structure of the inner ear converts sound vibrations into nerve signals?

1. ASemicircular canals
2. BAuditory tube
3. CCochlea
4. DTympanic membrane

In which form is most carbon dioxide carried in the blood?

1. AAs carbonic acid in platelets
2. BDissolved as CO₂ gas
3. CBound to the haem iron
4. DAs bicarbonate ions in plasma

Which hormone makes the gallbladder contract after a fatty meal?

1. AInsulin
2. BCholecystokinin (CCK)
3. CSecretin
4. DGastrin

What is the main function of pulmonary surfactant?

1. ATo carry oxygen across the alveolar wall
2. BTo reduce surface tension in the alveoli
3. CTo kill bacteria in the airways
4. DTo trap dust in the bronchi

Why does breathing 100% oxygen correct hypoxaemia from a true right-to-left shunt only poorly?

1. AThe extra oxygen is all exhaled as CO₂
2. BShunted blood is already fully saturated
3. CThe shunted blood never comes into contact with alveolar gas
4. DPure oxygen damages haemoglobin

Why does a person with a high spinal cord injury above T1 risk low blood pressure?

1. ARenin release from the kidney stops completely
2. BThe sympathetic outflow to the vessels and heart is cut off
3. CThe vagus nerve is cut, so the heart rate rises
4. DThe phrenic nerve can no longer control the tone of the arteries