Human physiology worksheet with answers

What is tidal volume?

1. AThe total volume of air in the lungs
2. BThe air left in the lungs after a full exhalation
3. CThe maximum volume of air that can be breathed out after a full breath in
4. DThe volume of air moved in or out in one normal breath

Which organ filters the blood to produce urine?

1. AKidney
2. BSpleen
3. CLiver
4. DBladder

The systolic blood pressure is the pressure in the arteries:

1. AWhen the ventricles contract
2. BWhen the ventricles relax
3. CWhen the atria contract
4. DBetween two heartbeats, during diastole

In skeletal muscle, where does most of the calcium for contraction come from?

1. AThe nucleus
2. BThe sarcoplasmic reticulum
3. CThe extracellular fluid
4. DThe mitochondria

Which receptors respond mainly to a fall in arterial oxygen levels?

1. AStretch receptors in the lungs
2. BBaroreceptors in the carotid sinus
3. CCentral chemoreceptors in the medulla
4. DPeripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies

Why does glucose appear in the urine in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

1. AThe glomerulus stops filtering glucose
2. BThe collecting duct actively secretes glucose
3. CThe filtered load exceeds the tubular transport maximum
4. DInsulin is needed for glucose reabsorption in the tubule

In the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, where is angiotensin I mainly converted to angiotensin II?

1. AIn the lungs
2. BIn the kidneys' juxtaglomerular cells
3. CIn the liver
4. DIn the adrenal cortex

After a head injury, a patient passes large volumes of very dilute urine and plasma sodium rises. What is the most likely cause?

1. ALack of ADH release (cranial diabetes insipidus)
2. BUncontrolled diabetes mellitus
3. CExcess aldosterone
4. DExcess ADH release (SIADH)