Human physiology worksheet with answers

Where is most of the nutrient absorption in the digestive tract?

1. AOesophagus
2. BSmall intestine
3. CStomach
4. DLarge intestine

In which direction does oxygen move during gas exchange in the lungs?

1. AFrom the blood into the alveoli
2. BFrom the blood into the bronchi
3. CFrom the pleura into the blood
4. DFrom the alveoli into the blood

Which blood cells carry most of the oxygen in the blood?

1. ARed blood cells
2. BPlatelets
3. CPlasma cells
4. DWhite blood cells

Which receptor is stimulated when the patellar tendon is tapped in the knee-jerk reflex?

1. AGolgi tendon organ
2. BMuscle spindle
3. CNociceptor
4. DPacinian corpuscle

Why does glucose appear in the urine in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

1. AInsulin is needed for glucose reabsorption in the tubule
2. BThe glomerulus stops filtering glucose
3. CThe filtered load exceeds the tubular transport maximum
4. DThe collecting duct actively secretes glucose

Vital capacity is the sum of which lung volumes?

1. AResidual volume and expiratory reserve volume
2. BInspiratory reserve volume and residual volume
3. CTidal volume and residual volume
4. DTidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume

At the start of a fever, a patient shivers and feels cold even though body temperature is rising. Why?

1. AThe body has lost its ability to produce heat
2. BPyrogens raise the hypothalamic set point above the current body temperature
3. CSweating has already cooled the body too much
4. DThe thermoreceptors in the skin are destroyed

A patient's arterial blood gas shows pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 7.8 kPa (59 mmHg) and normal bicarbonate. What is the most likely disturbance?

1. AMetabolic acidosis
2. BRespiratory alkalosis
3. CCompensated metabolic alkalosis
4. DAcute respiratory acidosis