Human physiology worksheet with answers

What is the typical resting membrane potential of a neuron?

1. AAbout −70 mV
2. BAbout +70 mV
3. CAbout −10 mV
4. DAbout 0 mV

Exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues happens mainly across the walls of:

1. AArteries
2. BVeins
3. CArterioles
4. DCapillaries

Which hormone does the corpus luteum mainly secrete after ovulation?

1. AProgesterone
2. BFollicle-stimulating hormone
3. CLuteinising hormone
4. DProlactin

Why do myelinated axons conduct action potentials faster than unmyelinated ones?

1. AMyelin releases neurotransmitter along the axon
2. BMyelin contains more sodium channels
3. CMyelin makes the axon thinner
4. DThe impulse jumps between nodes of Ranvier

The hormone secretin is released when acid enters the duodenum. What is its main effect?

1. AInsulin release from the endocrine pancreas
2. BAcid secretion from the stomach
3. CContraction of the gallbladder
4. DBicarbonate secretion from the pancreas

Low plasma albumin, as in severe liver disease, causes oedema mainly because:

1. APlasma oncotic pressure falls
2. BThe capillaries become impermeable
3. CLymphatic drainage increases
4. DCapillary hydrostatic pressure falls

In primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease), which combination is expected?

1. ALow sodium, low potassium and low ACTH
2. BHigh sodium, high potassium and high ACTH
3. CHigh sodium, low potassium and low ACTH
4. DLow sodium, high potassium and high ACTH

Why is severe hyperkalaemia dangerous for the heart?

1. AIt hyperpolarises cardiac cells, so they can never fire
2. BIt speeds up the SA node until tachycardia causes fainting
3. CIt depolarises cardiac cells, inactivating sodium channels and causing arrhythmias
4. DIt blocks the binding of calcium to troponin