Human physiology worksheet with answers

Which enzyme in saliva starts the digestion of starch?

1. ATrypsin
2. BSalivary amylase
3. CPepsin
4. DLipase

Which mineral is an essential part of haemoglobin?

1. ACalcium
2. BIron
3. CZinc
4. DIodine

What is the liquid part of blood in which the cells are suspended called?

1. ACytoplasm
2. BLymph
3. CInterstitial fluid
4. DPlasma

Which ion enters the cell to cause the depolarisation phase of a typical neuronal action potential?

1. ASodium (Na⁺)
2. BChloride (Cl⁻)
3. CPotassium (K⁺)
4. DCalcium (Ca²⁺)

Why do myelinated axons conduct action potentials faster than unmyelinated ones?

1. AMyelin releases neurotransmitter along the axon
2. BMyelin makes the axon thinner
3. CThe impulse jumps between nodes of Ranvier
4. DMyelin contains more sodium channels

Which ABO blood group has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma?

1. AGroup O
2. BGroup B
3. CGroup AB
4. DGroup A

Which transporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle is key to building the medullary concentration gradient?

1. AAquaporin-2 water channels
2. BThe Na⁺–K⁺–2Cl⁻ cotransporter (NKCC2)
3. CThe epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)
4. DThe sodium–glucose cotransporter (SGLT2)

In Graves' disease, what thyroid function results are expected and why?

1. ALow T4 and high TSH, because antibodies destroy the gland
2. BHigh T4 and low TSH, because antibodies stimulate the TSH receptor
3. CLow T4 and low TSH, because the hypothalamus fails
4. DHigh T4 and high TSH, because the anterior pituitary gland is overactive