Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

1. AIt makes the kidneys keep potassium
2. BIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose
3. CIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water
4. DIt makes the kidneys pass more water

Which eGFR defines stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. ABelow 120 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. BBelow 90 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. CBelow 15 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. DBelow 60 mL/min/1.73 m²

Why can a new arteriovenous fistula not be used straight away?

1. AThe stitches must be removed first
2. BThe arm must be in plaster for a month
3. CThe artery must first grow back to its full size
4. DThe vein needs weeks to enlarge and thicken

A patient on long-term phenytoin should be taught about which side effect?

1. AGradual, permanent hearing loss
2. BHair loss on the scalp in nearly every patient
3. CWeight loss and intolerance of heat
4. DGum overgrowth, so good oral hygiene matters

Which nursing care is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

1. AStrict fluid balance, daily weight and free access to water
2. BWeighing the patient once a month
3. CA strict fluid restriction to reduce the amount of urine passed
4. DGiving a loop diuretic to clear extra fluid

Which group of problems is typical of primary hyperparathyroidism?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and low mood
2. BHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhoea
3. CHair loss, weight gain and feeling cold
4. DMuscle cramps, tingling lips and seizures

A patient in a halo vest for a cervical spine fracture has a cardiac arrest. What must be immediately available?

1. AA pillow to raise the head and shoulders
2. BScissors to cut through the skull pins
3. CA hard board to slide under the vest
4. DThe tool to open the front of the vest for CPR

Which task for a patient with a urinary catheter can the nurse delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching self-catheterisation for the first time
2. BAssessing a patient whose irrigation is not draining
3. CEmptying the drainage bag and recording the volume
4. DDeciding whether the catheter can be removed