Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

Which hourly urine output is usually taken as the minimum acceptable for an adult?

1. AAbout 0.05 mL/kg per hour
2. BAbout 10 mL/kg per hour
3. CAbout 5 mL/kg per hour
4. DAbout 0.5 mL/kg per hour

Which nerve cells are damaged in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease)?

1. AThe optic nerves and retina
2. BSensory nerves in the skin only
3. CThe nerves of the autonomic system only
4. DUpper and lower motor neurons

Which symptoms are typical of uraemia in advanced kidney disease?

1. AHeat intolerance, tremor and weight loss
2. BSevere flank pain with visible blood in the urine
3. CItching, nausea, tiredness and poor appetite
4. DExcess thirst with a very high glucose

How does the nurse test the facial nerve (VII)?

1. AShine a light in each eye and check the pupil response
2. BTouch the forehead, cheek and chin with cotton wool
3. CAsk the patient to stick out the tongue and move it from side to side
4. DAsk them to raise the eyebrows, shut the eyes tightly and smile

How do DPP-4 inhibitors such as sitagliptin work?

1. AThey replace insulin that the pancreas cannot make
2. BThey prolong the action of gut incretin hormones
3. CThey block glucose reabsorption in the kidney
4. DThey stop the gut from absorbing fat

A stroke patient understands what is said but struggles to find words and speaks in short, effortful phrases. What type of aphasia is this?

1. ADysarthria from weak facial muscles
2. BGlobal aphasia with no understanding
3. CReceptive (Wernicke's) aphasia
4. DExpressive (Broca's) aphasia

After removal of a cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma, why may the patient need hydrocortisone for months?

1. AThe tumour will grow back quickly without it
2. BHydrocortisone helps the wound to heal
3. CThe other adrenal gland has been suppressed
4. DThe operation always removes both adrenal glands

A patient had rapid-acting insulin before lunch, then vomited the meal 15 minutes later. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive another insulin dose because the meal was lost
2. BIgnore it, because vomiting raises blood glucose
3. CMonitor glucose closely and tell the prescriber about the hypo risk
4. DGive the evening long-acting insulin early to balance it