Med-surg: neuro, endocrine & renal worksheet with answers

A patient with an AV fistula says it no longer "buzzes". What should the nurse do?

1. AMeasure the blood pressure on that arm to check the flow
2. BReport it urgently: the fistula may have clotted
3. CApply a tight bandage to restart the flow
4. DReassure them that this is normal at night

What is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer?

1. ASmoking
2. BA diet high in fruit
3. CDrinking a lot of water
4. DFrequent urinary infections in childhood

What is the main action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?

1. AIt makes the kidneys keep potassium
2. BIt makes the kidneys pass more water
3. CIt makes the kidneys pass more glucose
4. DIt makes the kidneys reabsorb water

A patient is starting nitrofurantoin for a UTI. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AIt should be taken on an empty stomach with milk
2. BIt must be taken only once a week
3. CIt may turn the urine dark yellow or brown
4. DIt turns the tears and sweat bright orange

A patient on peritoneal dialysis has gained weight and has higher glucose levels. Which part of the treatment is the likely cause?

1. AProtein lost into the dialysis fluid
2. BSodium lost into the dialysis fluid
3. CGlucose absorbed from the dialysis fluid
4. DAir entering the abdomen during exchanges

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. AWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
2. BWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs
3. CParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
4. DLoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ADeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result
2. BAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2.6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
3. CTeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
4. DChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range

A patient who has taken prednisolone daily for years is vomiting and cannot keep tablets down. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the tablets again after every vomit
2. BEscalate urgently for steroid by injection
3. CGive the next dose with a glass of milk
4. DOmit the steroid until the vomiting stops