1.Easy
What is a placebo?
- AA drug that is given at half the normal dose to reduce side effects in trials
- BAn inactive treatment that can still produce effects through expectation
- CA drug that is only active in the placebo group
- DA new drug that has not been approved yet
2.Easy
Oxytocin is used in obstetrics mainly to:
- AInduce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding
- BLower blood pressure in pre-eclampsia
- CMature the fetal lungs before birth
- DStop preterm labour by relaxing the uterine muscle
3.Easy
Where should an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector be given?
- AInto a vein in the arm
- BUnder the tongue
- CInto the outer thigh muscle
- DInto the abdomen under the skin
4.Medium
What is the most important adverse effect of sulfonylureas such as gliclazide?
- AHyperkalaemia
- BHypoglycaemia
- CDry cough
- DLactic acidosis
5.Medium
A patient takes regular paracetamol (acetaminophen) at home. Which teaching point best prevents accidental overdose?
- ATake an extra dose if the first one does not work within 10 minutes
- BTake paracetamol with alcohol to improve absorption
- CUse paracetamol only on an empty stomach
- DCheck cold and flu remedies, as many also contain paracetamol
6.Medium
Digoxin 0.25 mg is ordered. The tablets available are 0.125 mg. How many tablets should be given?
- A0.5 tablet
- B2 tablets
- C1 tablet
- D4 tablets
7.Hard
Which antiepileptic drug carries the highest well-known risk of neural tube defects and developmental problems when taken in pregnancy?
- ALamotrigine
- BGabapentin
- CLevetiracetam
- DSodium valproate
8.Hard
A patient with myasthenia gravis took extra pyridostigmine doses. She now has increasing weakness, heavy salivation, sweating, small pupils and diarrhoea. What is the most likely cause?
- AMyasthenic crisis from too little anticholinesterase drug
- BA stroke unrelated to the medication
- CCholinergic crisis from too much anticholinesterase drug
- DAn allergic reaction to pyridostigmine
Answer key
- 1. B · An inactive treatment that can still produce effects through expectation
- 2. A · Induce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding
- 3. C · Into the outer thigh muscle
- 4. B · Hypoglycaemia
- 5. D · Check cold and flu remedies, as many also contain paracetamol
- 6. B · 2 tablets
- 7. D · Sodium valproate
- 8. C · Cholinergic crisis from too much anticholinesterase drug
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