Research methods in psychology worksheet with answers

In an experiment, the variable the researcher deliberately changes is the:

1. ADependent variable
2. BIndependent variable
3. CExtraneous variable
4. DConfounding variable

Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme values?

1. AThe mode
2. BThe median
3. CAll are equally affected
4. DThe mean

Reliability refers to:

1. AWhether results apply to other settings
2. BThe consistency of a measure
3. CWhether a measure tests what it claims to
4. DWhether participants gave consent

Split-half reliability involves:

1. ATesting two halves of the sample at different times
2. BSplitting the sample into an experimental and a control group and comparing their scores
3. CComparing scores on two halves of the same test to check internal consistency
4. DUsing two observers for half the sessions each

Experimenter bias is reduced most directly by:

1. AUsing a larger sample
2. BUsing only volunteers
3. CUsing a researcher who does not know the hypothesis or conditions to collect data
4. DUsing a one-tailed hypothesis

In a content analysis, inter-rater reliability is checked by:

1. ACoding the material twice in one day
2. BHaving two researchers code the same material and comparing results
3. CUsing a larger sample of materials
4. DAsking participants afterwards whether the researcher's coding of their material is correct

Which non-parametric test compares two related samples, such as before-and-after scores on an ordinal scale?

1. AMann–Whitney U test
2. BWilcoxon signed-rank test
3. CChi-square test of independence
4. DIndependent t-test

A researcher compares three or more group means. Why is a one-way ANOVA used instead of several t-tests?

1. AMultiple t-tests inflate the overall Type I error rate
2. Bt-tests need qualitative data
3. Ct-tests cannot handle numbers above 100
4. DANOVA always finds larger effects than the equivalent set of t-tests would