Research methods in psychology worksheet with answers

Which level of measurement has equal intervals and a true zero point, such as reaction time?

1. ARatio
2. BNominal
3. CInterval
4. DOrdinal

Which sampling method gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected?

1. ASnowball sampling
2. BVolunteer sampling
3. COpportunity sampling
4. DRandom sampling

In a naturalistic observation, the researcher:

1. AAsks participants to complete a questionnaire about their everyday behaviour
2. BControls the environment in a laboratory
3. CObserves behaviour in its usual setting without manipulating variables
4. DRandomly assigns participants to conditions

A p-value of 0.03 means:

1. AThe effect is large
2. BIf the null hypothesis were true, data this extreme would occur about 3% of the time
3. CThe result will replicate 97% of the time
4. DGiven the observed data, there is only a 3% probability that the null hypothesis is true

A researcher wants to test whether there is an association between gender (male/female) and preferred film genre (four categories). Which test is appropriate?

1. AChi-square test of independence
2. BOne-way ANOVA
3. CPearson's correlation
4. DPaired t-test

Ecological validity refers to:

1. AWhether a test predicts future behaviour
2. BHow well findings generalise to real-life settings
3. CWhether the test looks like it measures the right thing
4. DHow consistent a test is over time

What is the main purpose of random allocation to conditions in an experiment?

1. ATo spread participant variables evenly so they do not confound the results
2. BTo ensure participants do not know the aim
3. CTo increase the response rate
4. DTo make the sample representative of the target population so results generalise

After analysing the data, a researcher writes the introduction as if an unexpected finding had been predicted all along. This is called:

1. ADebriefing
2. BOperationalisation
3. CHARKing (hypothesising after the results are known)
4. DCounterbalancing