1.Easy
The social norm that we should return favours that others have done for us is called:
- AThe just-world belief
- BThe equity norm
- CThe reciprocity norm
- DThe social responsibility norm
2.Easy
In student housing, people were most likely to become friends with those living closest to them. This shows the role of:
- ASimilarity in attraction
- BReciprocity of liking
- CPhysical attractiveness
- DProximity in attraction
3.Easy
The bystander effect means that:
- APeople are less likely to help when others are present
- BGroups make riskier decisions
- CBystanders are usually the main cause of the accidents they witness
- DPeople always help when they see an emergency
4.Medium
A smoker who knows smoking is harmful tells himself "the research isn't really conclusive". In dissonance terms, he is reducing dissonance by:
- AIncreasing the importance of the conflict
- BChanging his behaviour
- CConforming to a group norm
- DChanging one of the conflicting cognitions
5.Medium
According to Latané's social impact theory, social influence increases with the strength, immediacy and:
- AAge of the target
- BGender of the sources
- CIntelligence of the target
- DNumber of the sources
6.Medium
The foot-in-the-door technique works by:
- AUsing fear to persuade
- BMaking a large request first, which is refused, then a smaller one
- COffering a discount after the request
- DGetting agreement to a small request before making a larger one
7.Hard
In Milgram's study, the shock level rose in small 15-volt steps. Why might this gradual increase have raised obedience?
- AIt reduced the pressure coming from the experimenter's instructions
- BParticipants did not notice that the voltage was changing at all
- CSmall steps meant the shocks felt exactly the same to the learner each time
- DEach small step made stopping harder to justify, like foot-in-the-door
8.Hard
Which variation in Asch's study reduced conformity most dramatically?
- AMaking the task easier
- BHaving participants answer first
- CIncreasing the majority from 3 to 15 people
- DOne other confederate giving the correct answer
Answer key
- 1. C · The reciprocity norm
- 2. D · Proximity in attraction
- 3. A · People are less likely to help when others are present
- 4. D · Changing one of the conflicting cognitions
- 5. D · Number of the sources
- 6. D · Getting agreement to a small request before making a larger one
- 7. D · Each small step made stopping harder to justify, like foot-in-the-door
- 8. D · One other confederate giving the correct answer
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