1.Easy
Milgram used the term "agentic state" to describe a person who:
- AActs entirely on their own conscience and their own moral values
- BSees themselves as acting for an authority, not for themselves
- CRefuses to follow orders that they think are wrong
- DFeels fully responsible for the harm they are causing
2.Easy
The frustration–aggression hypothesis states that:
- ABeing blocked from a goal makes aggression more likely
- BActing aggressively always removes the frustration
- CAggression is learned only by watching other people
- DFrustration leads to withdrawal rather than aggression
3.Easy
Helping another person without expecting anything in return is called:
- AAltruism
- BReciprocity
- CCompliance
- DSocial exchange
4.Medium
Hatfield distinguished passionate love from companionate love. Companionate love is best described as:
- ADeep affection and commitment that grows over time
- BIntense longing and strong physical arousal for the partner
- CLove based only on physical attractiveness
- DA brief infatuation with someone new
5.Medium
Tom says he tripped because the floor was wet, but when he sees someone else trip he thinks they are clumsy. This is the:
- AHalo effect
- BSelf-serving bias
- CActor–observer bias
- DFalse consensus effect
6.Medium
In Sherif's autokinetic studies, people judged how far a still dot of light seemed to move. In groups, their estimates converged on a shared norm. This mainly shows:
- AInformational influence in an ambiguous situation
- BSocial loafing as the group task went on
- CObedience to the experimenter as an authority
- DNormative influence when the correct answer was obvious
7.Hard
Students heard a proposal for exams. When told it would affect them personally, argument quality mattered most. When told it would apply in future, the source's expertise mattered most. This supports:
- ALatané's social impact theory
- BBrehm's reactance theory
- CMcGuire's inoculation theory
- DThe elaboration likelihood model
8.Hard
Why are the results of the Stanford prison experiment treated with caution today?
- AIt was carried out in a real prison with real inmates as the prisoners
- BGuards were partly coached and demand characteristics were strong
- CIt had too many participants to analyse
- DIt found no differences between guards and prisoners
Answer key
- 1. B · Sees themselves as acting for an authority, not for themselves
- 2. A · Being blocked from a goal makes aggression more likely
- 3. A · Altruism
- 4. A · Deep affection and commitment that grows over time
- 5. C · Actor–observer bias
- 6. A · Informational influence in an ambiguous situation
- 7. D · The elaboration likelihood model
- 8. B · Guards were partly coached and demand characteristics were strong
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