1.Easy
People tend to like things more simply because they have seen them often. This is the:
- AMere exposure effect
- BHalo effect
- CBystander effect
- DFalse consensus effect
2.Easy
The frustration–aggression hypothesis states that:
- AAggression is learned only by watching other people
- BFrustration leads to withdrawal rather than aggression
- CActing aggressively always removes the frustration
- DBeing blocked from a goal makes aggression more likely
3.Easy
A student goes out partying the night before an exam so that a poor grade can be blamed on tiredness. This is:
- ASelf-fulfilling prophecy
- BSocial loafing
- CStereotype threat
- DSelf-handicapping
4.Medium
Rosenthal and Jacobson told teachers that some randomly chosen pupils were about to "bloom" intellectually. Later, these pupils showed larger IQ gains, especially in the youngest classes. This shows:
- AThat the chosen pupils were truly more gifted
- BA self-fulfilling prophecy from teacher expectations
- CThat teachers' beliefs have no effect on pupils
- DThat IQ tests given in schools cannot be trusted
5.Medium
In the Robbers Cave study, hostility between the two groups of boys was reduced most by:
- ASimply having more contact during meals
- BCompetitive sports tournaments
- CSeparating the groups completely
- DWorking together on superordinate goals
6.Medium
Someone realises "I always order salad, so I must like healthy food". Which theory describes inferring attitudes from one's own behaviour?
- ASocial identity theory
- BSelf-perception theory
- CRealistic conflict theory
- DSocial comparison theory
7.Hard
After choosing between two similarly rated household appliances, participants rated the chosen one higher and the rejected one lower than before. This is called:
- ASpreading of alternatives after a decision
- BThe sleeper effect in product judgements
- CReactance against the rejected option
- DThe mere exposure effect for owned items
8.Hard
Zanna and Cooper gave participants a placebo pill, telling some it would make them tense. After writing a counter-attitudinal essay, those told the pill causes tension showed little attitude change. This supports the idea that:
- AWriting essays never changes people's attitudes
- BDissonance involves arousal that people try to explain
- CSelf-perception theory explains all attitude change
- DPlacebo pills themselves cause attitude change
Answer key
- 1. A · Mere exposure effect
- 2. D · Being blocked from a goal makes aggression more likely
- 3. D · Self-handicapping
- 4. B · A self-fulfilling prophecy from teacher expectations
- 5. D · Working together on superordinate goals
- 6. B · Self-perception theory
- 7. A · Spreading of alternatives after a decision
- 8. B · Dissonance involves arousal that people try to explain
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