1.Easy
After discussion, a group's opinion becomes more extreme in the direction its members already leaned. This is called:
- ASocial loafing
- BDeindividuation
- CGroup polarisation
- DGroupthink
2.Easy
Conforming because you believe the group knows the correct answer, especially in an unclear situation, is called:
- AInformational social influence
- BObedience
- CNormative social influence
- DSocial loafing
3.Easy
Worrying about confirming a negative stereotype about one's group, which then harms performance, is called:
- AStereotype threat
- BSelf-handicapping
- CScapegoating
- DIllusory correlation
4.Medium
The foot-in-the-door technique works by:
- AOffering a discount after the request
- BGetting agreement to a small request before making a larger one
- CMaking a large request first, which is refused, then a smaller one
- DUsing fear to persuade
5.Medium
In Sherif's autokinetic studies, people judged how far a still dot of light seemed to move. In groups, their estimates converged on a shared norm. This mainly shows:
- ANormative influence when the correct answer was obvious
- BObedience to the experimenter as an authority
- CInformational influence in an ambiguous situation
- DSocial loafing as the group task went on
6.Medium
A message from a low-credibility source becomes more persuasive weeks later, as people forget where it came from. This is the:
- AMere exposure effect
- BBoomerang effect
- CPrimacy effect
- DSleeper effect
7.Hard
In Milgram's study, the shock level rose in small 15-volt steps. Why might this gradual increase have raised obedience?
- AParticipants did not notice that the voltage was changing at all
- BEach small step made stopping harder to justify, like foot-in-the-door
- CIt reduced the pressure coming from the experimenter's instructions
- DSmall steps meant the shocks felt exactly the same to the learner each time
8.Hard
Why are the results of the Stanford prison experiment treated with caution today?
- AGuards were partly coached and demand characteristics were strong
- BIt found no differences between guards and prisoners
- CIt was carried out in a real prison with real inmates as the prisoners
- DIt had too many participants to analyse
Answer key
- 1. C · Group polarisation
- 2. A · Informational social influence
- 3. A · Stereotype threat
- 4. B · Getting agreement to a small request before making a larger one
- 5. C · Informational influence in an ambiguous situation
- 6. D · Sleeper effect
- 7. B · Each small step made stopping harder to justify, like foot-in-the-door
- 8. A · Guards were partly coached and demand characteristics were strong
Full step-by-step solutions: practise this topic on examproblems.com.