练习题(虚构数值,不作为临床指导)。 一个班次中,患者摄入了2 杯 / 茶, 1½ tsp / 止咳糖浆, 2 tbsp / 液体营养补充剂, 4 fl oz / 果汁。按给出的等量关系,求以 mL 表示的口服总摄入量V。
1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 tsp = 5 mL1 tbsp = 15 mL1 fl oz = 30 mL
V = mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)中等
“Remember to take your medicine,” Mr. Okafor’s daughter called as she left. He nodded, but an hour later the pill was still on the kitchen table next to his untouched glass of water. What can you infer?
AHis daughter took the medicine with her.
BMr. Okafor took two pills instead of one.
CMr. Okafor forgot or chose not to take his medicine.
DThe medicine had already been taken.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
“The new policy allows staff to work from home two days a week. Employees who need to see patients must still work on site every day.” Which employee can work from home under the policy?
AA doctor running daily clinics
BA nurse who sees patients daily
CA physiotherapist treating patients
DAn office billing clerk
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse anticipated the patient’s need for pain relief.”
AIgnored
BQuestioned
CExpected and prepared for
DForgot
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Which term means “pertaining to under the skin”?
ASubcutaneous
BTranscutaneous
CEpidermal
DIntradermal
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Choose the correct word: “Sacramento is the ___ of California.”
Acapital
Bcapitle
Ccapitel
Dcapitol
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Choose the correct verb: “It is high time we ___ the old equipment.”
Areplacing
Bwill replace
Creplaced
Dreplace
11.人体解剖学中等
左心房和左心室之间是哪个瓣膜?
A肺动脉瓣
B主动脉瓣
C三尖瓣
D二尖瓣
12.人体解剖学困难
髋关节的主要屈肌是哪块?
A股二头肌
B臀大肌
C大收肌
D髂腰肌
13.人体生理学中等
哪种激素增加肾集合管对水的重吸收?
A抗利尿激素(ADH)
B心房钠尿肽
C甲状旁腺激素
D醛固酮
14.人体生理学困难
为什么一氧化碳中毒的患者 PaO₂ 可以正常,却有严重的组织缺氧?
ACO 占据了血红蛋白的结合位点,因此氧含量下降
BCO 阻断气体通过肺泡壁的弥散
CCO 降低肺泡内的大气压
DCO 阻止氧气溶解于血浆
15.护理入学考试生物中等
In a food chain, producers hold 10 000 units of energy. Roughly how much is passed on to the primary consumers?
AAbout 10 000 units
BAbout 5000 units
CAbout 10 units
DAbout 1000 units
16.护理入学考试生物困难
A nurse notices that patients who used a new mouthwash had few mouth infections. No other patients were studied. What is most needed before concluding that the mouthwash works?
AA longer explanation in the report
BA comparable group that does not use the mouthwash
CA survey asking patients if they liked it
DA larger bottle of the same mouthwash for each patient
17.护理入学考试化学中等
Using significant figures, what is 2.5 cm × 3.42 cm?
A8.550 cm²
B9 cm²
C8.55 cm²
D8.6 cm²
18.护理入学考试化学困难
Which approach best reduces a health worker's exposure to ionising radiation?
AStand closer to the source so the job is finished sooner and exposure is shorter
BLimit the time near the source, increase the distance and use shielding
CWork faster without any shielding
DRely only on wearing gloves
3溶液
1.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: A = 81 in²
周长、面积和体积:周长是围绕图形一周的长度(长方形:2l + 2w)。面积以平方单位计量:长方形 l × w,三角形 ½ × 底 × 高,圆 π·r²。圆的周长是 π·d = 2π·r。体积以立方单位计量:长方体 l × w × h,圆柱 π·r²·h。使用题目给出的 π 值。
家用计量和体重:护理考试使用取整的等量关系:1 茶匙(tsp)= 5 mL,1 汤匙(tbsp)= 15 mL = 3 tsp,1 液量盎司(fl oz)= 30 mL = 2 tbsp,1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重方面,1 kg = 2.2 lb,1 lb = 16 oz;长度方面,1 英寸 = 2.54 cm。设置换算时,要让你不需要的单位相互约去。
每一项的 mL 数
2 杯 = 2·240 = 480 mL
1½ tsp = 1.5·5 = 7.5 mL
2 tbsp = 2·15 = 30 mL
4 fl oz = 4·30 = 120 mL
相加
V = 480 + 7.5 + 30 + 120 = 637.5 mL
答案
V = 637.5 mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: C · Mr. Okafor forgot or chose not to take his medicine.
为什么是这个答案
The pill and the untouched water are still on the table, so he has not taken it yet.
答案
C · Mr. Okafor forgot or chose not to take his medicine.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: D · An office billing clerk
为什么是这个答案
Staff who see patients must be on site daily. A billing clerk does not see patients, so they can work from home two days a week.
答案
D · An office billing clerk
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: C · Expected and prepared for
为什么是这个答案
To anticipate is to expect something and prepare for it in advance.
答案
C · Expected and prepared for
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: A · Subcutaneous
为什么是这个答案
Subcutaneous means beneath the skin. Intradermal is within the skin, epidermal the outer skin layer and transcutaneous through the skin.
答案
A · Subcutaneous
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: A · capital
为什么是这个答案
“Capital” is the city where a government sits (and also means money or a large letter). “Capitol” is the building where lawmakers meet.
答案
A · capital
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: C · replaced
为什么是这个答案
“It is time” or “It is high time” + subject is followed by a past form to show that something should already be happening: “It is high time we replaced it.”
答案
C · replaced
11.人体解剖学
答案: D · 二尖瓣
为什么是这个答案
二尖瓣分隔左心房和左心室;右侧由三尖瓣起同样作用。
答案
D · 二尖瓣
12.人体解剖学
答案: D · 髂腰肌
为什么是这个答案
髂腰肌(腰大肌和髂肌)是最强的屈髋肌。臀大肌负责伸髋。
答案
D · 髂腰肌
13.人体生理学
答案: A · 抗利尿激素(ADH)
为什么是这个答案
垂体后叶释放的 ADH(血管升压素)插入水通道蛋白-2,使集合管对水通透,从而浓缩尿液。
答案
A · 抗利尿激素(ADH)
14.人体生理学
答案: A · CO 占据了血红蛋白的结合位点,因此氧含量下降
为什么是这个答案
CO 与血红蛋白的结合比氧强得多,并使解离曲线左移。溶解的 O₂(PaO₂)正常,但总氧含量和向组织释放的氧急剧下降。
答案
A · CO 占据了血红蛋白的结合位点,因此氧含量下降
15.护理入学考试生物
答案: D · About 1000 units
为什么是这个答案
Only about 10% of the energy at one level is passed to the next. The rest is used for life processes, lost as heat or left in parts that are not eaten.
答案
D · About 1000 units
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: B · A comparable group that does not use the mouthwash
为什么是这个答案
Without a control group, there is no way to know whether infections would have been just as rare without the mouthwash. A similar group under the same conditions is needed for comparison.
答案
B · A comparable group that does not use the mouthwash
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: D · 8.6 cm²
为什么是这个答案
2.5 × 3.42 = 8.55, but 2.5 has only two significant figures, so the answer is rounded to two: 8.6 cm².
答案
D · 8.6 cm²
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: B · Limit the time near the source, increase the distance and use shielding
为什么是这个答案
The three principles of radiation protection are time (minimise it), distance (maximise it, since intensity falls rapidly with distance) and shielding (such as lead aprons). Gloves alone do not stop penetrating radiation.
答案
B · Limit the time near the source, increase the distance and use shielding