Kelp is a type of large brown algae that grows in cold ocean water. Kelp forests provide food and shelter for many animals, including sea otters, which eat the sea urchins that feed on kelp. How do sea otters help kelp forests?
AThey eat the kelp before it grows too tall.
BThey eat the sea urchins that feed on kelp.
CThey plant new kelp on the ocean floor.
DThey keep the water warm for the kelp.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
A study compares two groups of patients after knee surgery. Group A did physiotherapy three times a week; Group B did it once a week. After two months, Group A could walk farther. The groups were similar in age and health at the start. Why does it matter that the groups were similar at the start?
AIt makes physiotherapy the more likely cause.
BIt means that Group B did not have surgery.
CIt shows that once a week is the best amount.
DIt proves that age has no effect on recovery.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient showed impaired hearing in one ear.”
AWeakened or damaged
BUnusually sharp
CRecently improved
DCompletely normal
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
What does the term thrombophlebitis mean?
AAbnormal widening of a vein
BInflammation of a vein with a blood clot
CBleeding from a damaged vein
DA blood clot blocking a large artery in the leg
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Choose the correct reflexive pronoun: “The students prepared ___ for the exam.”
Athemself
Btheirself
Ctheirselves
Dthemselves
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Which revision is the most concise? “The nurse made a decision to conduct an assessment of the wound.”
AThe nurse decided to conduct an assessment of the wound.
BA decision was made by the nurse to assess the wound.
CThe nurse made the decision of assessing the wound.
DThe nurse decided to assess the wound.
11.人体解剖学中等
哪对脑神经控制舌的运动?
A舌咽神经(IX)
B舌下神经(XII)
C迷走神经(X)
D面神经(VII)
12.人体解剖学困难
肺尖部肿瘤导致同侧面部上睑下垂、瞳孔缩小和无汗。哪条通路受到了破坏?
A迷走神经的副交感纤维
B面神经
C颈交感干
D动眼神经
13.人体生理学中等
射血分数如何计算?
A舒张末期容积 ÷ 收缩末期容积
B心输出量 ÷ 心率
C每搏输出量 ÷ 舒张末期容积
D收缩末期容积 ÷ 每搏输出量
14.人体生理学困难
一个健康人躺着后迅速站起。哪个反射能防止晕厥?
ABainbridge 反射使心率减慢
B压力感受器反射使心率加快、血管收缩
CADH 释放立即使血容量加倍
D化学感受器反射使呼吸加快并提高动脉血氧水平
15.护理入学考试生物中等
Why are G–C base pairs held together more strongly than A–T pairs?
AA–T pairs are found only in RNA
BG and C are both purines, so they fit more tightly
CG–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds, and A–T pairs form two
DG–C pairs are joined by strong covalent bonds instead of hydrogen bonds
16.护理入学考试生物困难
An mRNA reads AUG-UUU-GGC-UAA. How many amino acids are in the protein made from it?
A4
B12
C3
D2
17.护理入学考试化学中等
A bag of 5% (w/v) glucose solution (called 5% dextrose in the US) contains 5 g of glucose per 100 mL. How many grams of glucose are in 1 L?
A500 g
B0.5 g
C5 g
D50 g
18.护理入学考试化学困难
关于可逆反应中的催化剂,下列哪项说法正确?
A它使两个方向的反应同样加快
B它增加平衡时产物的量
C它在反应进行时被消耗
D它只加快正反应并阻止逆反应
3溶液
1.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: x = 9 杯
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
比例
4.5/3 = x/6
交叉相乘并求解
3·x = 27
x = 27/3 = 9 杯
答案
x = 9 杯
2.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: V = 150.7 in³
周长、面积和体积:周长是围绕图形一周的长度(长方形:2l + 2w)。面积以平方单位计量:长方形 l × w,三角形 ½ × 底 × 高,圆 π·r²。圆的周长是 π·d = 2π·r。体积以立方单位计量:长方体 l × w × h,圆柱 π·r²·h。使用题目给出的 π 值。
底面积
3.14 × 2² = 12.56 in²
体积
V = 12.56 × 12 = 150.72 in³
答案
V = 150.72 in³
3.护理数学与单位换算
答案: m = 2.64 kg
家用计量和体重:护理考试使用取整的等量关系:1 茶匙(tsp)= 5 mL,1 汤匙(tbsp)= 15 mL = 3 tsp,1 液量盎司(fl oz)= 30 mL = 2 tbsp,1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重方面,1 kg = 2.2 lb,1 lb = 16 oz;长度方面,1 英寸 = 2.54 cm。设置换算时,要让你不需要的单位相互约去。
盎司换算为磅
13 oz/16 = 0.8125 lb
5 + 0.8125 = 5.813 lb
磅换算为千克
m = 5.813/2.2 = 2.642 ≈ 2.64 kg
答案
m = 2.64 kg
4.护理数学与单位换算
答案: V = 225 mL
量纲分析:先写出已知量,再乘以写成分数形式的换算系数(例如 60 min/1 h 或 1 mg/1000 mcg),使每个不需要的单位在分子和分母各出现一次并相互约去。只剩下所求单位时再计算。使用题目给出的等量关系,只对最终答案取整。
每次剂量的体积
1½ tsp = 1.5·5 = 7.5 mL
整个疗程
V = 7.5 mL × 3/天 × 10 = 225 mL
答案
V = 225 mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: B · They eat the sea urchins that feed on kelp.
为什么是这个答案
Otters eat sea urchins, and urchins eat kelp, so otters protect the kelp by reducing the number of urchins.
答案
B · They eat the sea urchins that feed on kelp.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: A · It makes physiotherapy the more likely cause.
为什么是这个答案
If the groups started out alike, differences in age or health are unlikely to explain the result, so the extra physiotherapy is a more likely cause.
答案
A · It makes physiotherapy the more likely cause.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: A · Weakened or damaged
为什么是这个答案
Impaired means reduced in strength, quality or function.
答案
A · Weakened or damaged
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: B · Inflammation of a vein with a blood clot
为什么是这个答案
Thrombophlebitis is inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot.
答案
B · Inflammation of a vein with a blood clot
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: D · themselves
为什么是这个答案
“Themselves” is the standard plural reflexive pronoun. “Theirselves” and “theirself” are nonstandard, and “themself” refers to one person.
答案
D · themselves
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: D · The nurse decided to assess the wound.
为什么是这个答案
“Made a decision” becomes “decided” and “conduct an assessment of” becomes “assess”. C fixes only one phrase, B is still wordy and D adds the passive voice.
答案: C · G–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds, and A–T pairs form two
为什么是这个答案
G–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds and A–T pairs form two. DNA rich in G–C therefore needs more energy (a higher temperature) to separate the strands.
答案
C · G–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds, and A–T pairs form two
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: C · 3
为什么是这个答案
AUG (methionine), UUU and GGC each code for an amino acid, but UAA is a stop codon. Translation ends there, so the chain has 3 amino acids.
答案
C · 3
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: D · 50 g
为什么是这个答案
% w/v means grams per 100 mL. 1 L = 1000 mL = 10 × 100 mL, so it contains 10 × 5 g = 50 g of glucose.