练习题(虚构数值,不作为临床指导)。 一个班次中,患者摄入了2½ tsp / 止咳糖浆, ¼ 杯 / 茶, 3 fl oz / 果汁, 4 tbsp / 液体营养补充剂。按给出的等量关系,求以 mL 表示的口服总摄入量V。
1 tsp = 5 mL1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 fl oz = 30 mL1 tbsp = 15 mL
V = mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)中等
“Mary Seacole was a Jamaican-born nurse who travelled to the Crimean War at her own expense. There she ran a hotel near the battlefield where she cared for sick and injured soldiers.” What does “at her own expense” mean?
AShe was paid by the army to go.
BShe went against her family’s wishes.
CShe travelled there in great danger.
DShe paid the costs of the trip herself.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
The author writes: “Our survey found that 9 out of 10 dentists recommend chewing gum.” The survey was paid for by a chewing gum company and asked only 10 dentists. Why should a reader be cautious about this claim?
ADentists know little about teeth.
BThe sample is tiny and the sponsor has an interest.
CThe survey should have asked only one dentist.
DChewing gum is not sold in most countries.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The side effects of the new drug were negligible.”
ASo small they can be ignored
BLarge and very noticeable to patients
CLasting for many months
DDangerous to the patient
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The tumour had metastasised to the liver.”
ATurned into a cyst
BShrunk after treatment
CBeen removed by surgery
DSpread from its original site
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Choose the correct words: “The nurses were ___ for the inspection.”
Aallready
Ball ready
Calready
Dalredy
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Which sentence uses the passive voice in the present progressive tense?
AThe patient is being moved to a private room.
BThe patient has been moved to a private room.
CThe patient is moving to a private room.
DThe nurses are moving the patient to a private room.
11.人体解剖学中等
肾上腺的哪一部分分泌肾上腺素?
A肾上腺髓质
B束状带
C网状带
D球状带
12.人体解剖学困难
尿液离开集合管后依次经过哪些结构?
A肾盂、肾小盏、肾大盏、输尿管
B肾小盏、肾盂、肾大盏、输尿管
C肾小盏、肾大盏、肾盂、输尿管
D肾大盏、肾小盏、肾盂、输尿管
13.人体生理学中等
哪种激素增加肾集合管对水的重吸收?
A抗利尿激素(ADH)
B心房钠尿肽
C醛固酮
D甲状旁腺激素
14.人体生理学困难
在长期主动脉瓣狭窄中,左心室如何适应?
A向心性肥厚,室壁增厚
B没有变化,因为瓣膜不是心室的一部分
C室壁变薄并扩张
D由于做功减少而肌肉萎缩
15.护理入学考试生物中等
转录过程中发生什么?
A以 DNA 为模板合成基因的 mRNA 拷贝
B根据 mRNA 信息构建蛋白质
C氨基酸在核糖体上连接起来
D分裂前复制整个 DNA 分子
16.护理入学考试生物困难
A plant that is AaBb is crossed with an AaBB plant. A and B are dominant, and the genes assort independently. What fraction of the offspring show both dominant traits?
A9/16
B1/2
C1/4
D3/4
17.护理入学考试化学中等
A gas mixture contains nitrogen at 600 mmHg, oxygen at 150 mmHg and other gases at 10 mmHg. What is the total pressure?
家用计量和体重:护理考试使用取整的等量关系:1 茶匙(tsp)= 5 mL,1 汤匙(tbsp)= 15 mL = 3 tsp,1 液量盎司(fl oz)= 30 mL = 2 tbsp,1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重方面,1 kg = 2.2 lb,1 lb = 16 oz;长度方面,1 英寸 = 2.54 cm。设置换算时,要让你不需要的单位相互约去。
每一项的 mL 数
2½ tsp = 2.5·5 = 12.5 mL
¼ 杯 = 0.25·240 = 60 mL
3 fl oz = 3·30 = 90 mL
4 tbsp = 4·15 = 60 mL
相加
V = 12.5 + 60 + 90 + 60 = 222.5 mL
答案
V = 222.5 mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: D · She paid the costs of the trip herself.
为什么是这个答案
“At her own expense” means she paid the costs herself rather than being funded by someone else.
答案
D · She paid the costs of the trip herself.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: B · The sample is tiny and the sponsor has an interest.
为什么是这个答案
A sample of 10 is too small to generalise from, and a gum company has a reason to want a positive result, so the claim may be biased.
答案
B · The sample is tiny and the sponsor has an interest.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: A · So small they can be ignored
为什么是这个答案
Negligible means so small or unimportant that it is not worth considering.
答案
A · So small they can be ignored
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: D · Spread from its original site
为什么是这个答案
To metastasise (US: metastasize) is for cancer to spread from where it started to another part of the body.
答案
D · Spread from its original site
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: B · all ready
为什么是这个答案
“All ready” means completely prepared. “Already” means before now or by this time, as in “She has already left.”
答案
B · all ready
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: A · The patient is being moved to a private room.
为什么是这个答案
“Is being moved” combines the progressive (is being) with the passive (moved), and the doer is not the subject. B and C are active, and D is passive but in the present perfect.
答案
A · The patient is being moved to a private room.
11.人体解剖学
答案: A · 肾上腺髓质
为什么是这个答案
肾上腺髓质在交感神经刺激下释放肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素。皮质的三个带产生类固醇激素。
答案
A · 肾上腺髓质
12.人体解剖学
答案: C · 肾小盏、肾大盏、肾盂、输尿管
为什么是这个答案
集合管开口于肾乳头进入肾小盏,肾小盏汇合成肾大盏,再注入肾盂,然后进入输尿管。
答案
C · 肾小盏、肾大盏、肾盂、输尿管
13.人体生理学
答案: A · 抗利尿激素(ADH)
为什么是这个答案
垂体后叶释放的 ADH(血管升压素)插入水通道蛋白-2,使集合管对水通透,从而浓缩尿液。
答案
A · 抗利尿激素(ADH)
14.人体生理学
答案: A · 向心性肥厚,室壁增厚
为什么是这个答案
压力负荷过重使心室壁增厚(向心性肥厚),以维持正常的室壁应力。而容量负荷过重(如反流)则引起扩张。
答案
A · 向心性肥厚,室壁增厚
15.护理入学考试生物
答案: A · 以 DNA 为模板合成基因的 mRNA 拷贝
为什么是这个答案
转录把基因的信息复制到信使 RNA 上。随后翻译在核糖体上利用 mRNA 构建蛋白质。
答案
A · 以 DNA 为模板合成基因的 mRNA 拷贝
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: D · 3/4
为什么是这个答案
Bb × BB gives all offspring with at least one B, so 1 for trait B. Aa × Aa gives 3/4 with at least one A. 3/4 × 1 = 3/4 show both dominant traits.
答案
D · 3/4
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: B · 760 mmHg
为什么是这个答案
Dalton's law of partial pressures: the total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures, 600 + 150 + 10 = 760 mmHg.
答案
B · 760 mmHg
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: B · 4 × 10⁸
为什么是这个答案
8 ÷ 2 = 4, and 10⁶ ÷ 10⁻² = 10⁶⁻⁽⁻²⁾ = 10⁸. So the answer is 4 × 10⁸. Subtracting a negative exponent adds to it.