练习题(虚构数值,不作为临床指导)。 一个班次中,患者摄入了1 tsp / 止咳糖浆, 1 tbsp / 液体营养补充剂, 3 fl oz / 果汁, 2 杯 / 茶。按给出的等量关系,求以 mL 表示的口服总摄入量V。
1 tsp = 5 mL1 tbsp = 15 mL1 fl oz = 30 mL1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL
V = mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)中等
“Unlike the noisy city where she grew up, the village was so quiet that Maya could hear the stream from her bedroom.” What contrast does the author draw?
ABetween city noise and village quiet
BBetween Maya and her bedroom
CBetween the stream and the river
DBetween early morning and late evening
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
“In one study, people who were told a pill would ease their pain reported less pain, even though the pill contained no medicine.” What does this study illustrate?
BPills without medicine cure all kinds of disease.
CPain cannot be measured in any study.
DExpectations can affect how people report symptoms.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse completed a comprehensive assessment on admission.”
ADifficult for the patient to follow
BDone quickly without any notes
CCovering all or nearly all aspects
DShort and limited to one problem
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The wound edges were approximated with sutures.”
ACleaned thoroughly
BBrought close together
CMeasured roughly
DPulled apart
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Which sentence punctuates the interrupted quotation correctly in American style?
A“If you feel pain”, the nurse said, “press the button”.
B“If you feel pain,” the nurse said. “Press the button.”
C“If you feel pain,” the nurse said, “press the button.”
D“If you feel pain” the nurse said “press the button.”
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Which order makes the most logical paragraph? (1) Then scrub with soap for at least twenty seconds. (2) First, wet your hands with clean water. (3) Finally, rinse and dry your hands.
A2, 1, 3
B2, 3, 1
C1, 2, 3
D3, 2, 1
11.人体解剖学中等
哪个结构产生大部分脑脊液?
A软脑膜
B松果体
C脉络丛
D蛛网膜颗粒
12.人体解剖学困难
膝关节的哪条韧带防止胫骨相对股骨向前滑移?
A内侧副韧带
B前交叉韧带
C髌韧带
D后交叉韧带
13.人体生理学中等
为什么心肌不能像骨骼肌那样发生强直收缩?
A它的肌质网中没有钙
B它没有横纹
C它只受激素控制
D它的不应期很长,几乎与收缩持续的时间一样长
14.人体生理学困难
一名糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者呼吸深快。血气应呈现什么模式?
ApH 降低、碳酸氢盐升高、PaCO₂ 升高
BpH 升高、碳酸氢盐降低、PaCO₂ 降低
CpH 降低、碳酸氢盐降低、PaCO₂ 降低
DpH 降低、碳酸氢盐正常、PaCO₂ 升高
15.护理入学考试生物中等
血型为 AB 的人,红细胞上同时有 A 和 B 抗原。这是哪种遗传方式?
A不完全显性
B伴性遗传
C共显性
DA 对 B 完全显性
16.护理入学考试生物困难
Sweating cools the body. Which property of water best explains this?
AIt has a very low specific heat
BIt is less dense as ice than as a liquid
CIt is a nonpolar solvent
DIt takes a lot of heat energy to evaporate
17.护理入学考试化学中等
Which list is in order from smallest to largest mass?
AMilligram, kilogram, gram
BGram, milligram, kilogram
CKilogram, gram, milligram
DMilligram, gram, kilogram
18.护理入学考试化学困难
A salt is dissolved in water in an insulated cup, and the water temperature falls from 25 °C to 20 °C. Which statement is correct?
ADissolving is endothermic; the dissolving salt took heat from the water
BDissolving is endothermic; the water took heat from the salt
CNo energy change occurred, because the temperature fell
DDissolving is exothermic; the dissolving salt released heat into the water
3溶液
1.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: x = −11
解方程:对等式两边做同样的操作,直到 x 单独在一边。按相反的顺序撤销运算:先撤销加法或减法,再撤销乘法或除法。用分配律 a(x + b) = ax + ab 去掉括号,并把含 x 的项合并到一边。把答案代回去检验。
两边都减去 7。
7x = −77
两边都除以 7。
x = −11
校核
7·(−11) + 7 = −70
答案
x = −11
2.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: x = 14 年
应用题:给未知数命名(例如 x = 月数),把已知事实写成一个方程,解出它,并检查答案在题目情境中是否合理。固定费用加上每单位的费率,得到总额 = 费用 + 费率 × 单位数。
方程
x + (2x + 5) = 47
求解
3x = 42
x = 14
答案
x = 14 年
3.护理数学与单位换算
答案: T = 36 °C
温度:°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9,°F = °C × 9/5 + 32。从 °F 换算时先减 32 再乘,从 °C 换算时先乘再加 32。快速核对:37 °C 为 98.6 °F,每 1 °C 相当于 1.8 °F。
减去 32
96.8 − 32 = 64.8
乘以 5/9
T = 64.8·5/9 = 36 °C
答案
T = 36 °C
4.护理数学与单位换算
答案: V = 590 mL
家用计量和体重:护理考试使用取整的等量关系:1 茶匙(tsp)= 5 mL,1 汤匙(tbsp)= 15 mL = 3 tsp,1 液量盎司(fl oz)= 30 mL = 2 tbsp,1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重方面,1 kg = 2.2 lb,1 lb = 16 oz;长度方面,1 英寸 = 2.54 cm。设置换算时,要让你不需要的单位相互约去。
每一项的 mL 数
1 tsp = 1·5 = 5 mL
1 tbsp = 1·15 = 15 mL
3 fl oz = 3·30 = 90 mL
2 杯 = 2·240 = 480 mL
相加
V = 5 + 15 + 90 + 480 = 590 mL
答案
V = 590 mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: A · Between city noise and village quiet
为什么是这个答案
“Unlike” compares the noisy city with the quiet village.
答案
A · Between city noise and village quiet
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: D · Expectations can affect how people report symptoms.
为什么是这个答案
The pill had no medicine, yet people reported less pain. This shows the placebo effect: expectations can influence reported symptoms.
答案
D · Expectations can affect how people report symptoms.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: C · Covering all or nearly all aspects
为什么是这个答案
Comprehensive means complete and including everything that is relevant.
答案
C · Covering all or nearly all aspects
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: B · Brought close together
为什么是这个答案
In medicine, to approximate wound edges is to bring them together so the wound can heal. In everyday use it can also mean “estimate”.
答案
B · Brought close together
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: C · “If you feel pain,” the nurse said, “press the button.”
为什么是这个答案
When a speech tag interrupts one quoted sentence, commas go on both sides of the tag, and the second part continues in lowercase. C turns the first part into a fragment. British (logical) style may put the first comma outside the marks, but American style keeps it inside.
答案
C · “If you feel pain,” the nurse said, “press the button.”
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: A · 2, 1, 3
为什么是这个答案
Transition words show sequence. “First” begins the process, “Then” continues it and “Finally” ends it, giving 2, 1, 3.
答案: D · It takes a lot of heat energy to evaporate
为什么是这个答案
Water has a high heat of vaporisation, so evaporating sweat removes a large amount of heat from the skin. Its high specific heat also helps keep body temperature steady.
答案
D · It takes a lot of heat energy to evaporate
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: D · Milligram, gram, kilogram
为什么是这个答案
1 mg = 0.001 g and 1 kg = 1000 g, so mg < g < kg. Each step is a factor of 1000.
答案
D · Milligram, gram, kilogram
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: A · Dissolving is endothermic; the dissolving salt took heat from the water
为什么是这个答案
The water (surroundings) lost heat, so the dissolving process (system) absorbed it. A process that takes in heat and cools its surroundings is endothermic.
答案
A · Dissolving is endothermic; the dissolving salt took heat from the water