精神科护理:速成包

公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 6 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。

新题目返回课程

在打印窗口中选择“另存为 PDF”,即可在设备上保存一份副本。

1公式与方法

精神科护理

方法

  1. 判断是否存在即时风险:自杀、暴力、药物急症或躯体疾病。
  2. 先保障安全:观察、移除危险物品、缓和局面、停用有害药物、寻求帮助。
  3. 选择治疗性回应:承认感受、陈述现实,避免虚假的安慰和“为什么”式提问。
  4. 尊重权利:采用限制最少的方案,知情同意,以及保密及其限度。

2练习题

1.精神科护理中等

In the termination phase of the nurse–patient relationship, which behaviour is common and should be expected?

  1. AThe patient always feels relieved and shows no feelings
  2. BThe patient asks for the relationship to start again from the beginning
  3. CThe patient finally begins to share their problems for the first time
  4. DThe patient may show anger, sadness or a return of earlier symptoms
2.精神科护理困难

An 83-year-old becomes confused and constipated and cannot pass urine. She takes amitriptyline, oxybutynin and an over-the-counter sleep aid with diphenhydramine. What is the most likely cause?

  1. AThe normal effects of ageing
  2. BSudden-onset Alzheimer's disease
  3. CThe combined anticholinergic effects of her medicines
  4. DA sign that she needs a higher dose of amitriptyline
3.临床心理学中等

服用单胺氧化酶抑制剂(MAOI)的患者必须避免富含酪胺的食物,因为:

  1. A酪胺会导致严重的体重下降
  2. B两者合用会导致迟发性运动障碍
  3. C两者合用可导致血压危险地升高
  4. D酪胺会完全阻断 MAOI 的抗抑郁效果
4.临床心理学困难

关于文化因素的研究表明,日本的"对人恐惧症"(taijin kyofusho)主要是害怕:

  1. A受到突然惊吓后失去灵魂,导致虚弱和食欲丧失
  2. B生殖器缩入体内
  3. C因自己的外貌或行为冒犯他人或使他人难堪
  4. D被鬼神附体
5.药理学中等

Why should NSAIDs be used with caution in some people with asthma?

  1. AThey cause mucus plugs by drying the airways
  2. BThey increase the clearance of salbutamol
  3. CThey block the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids
  4. DThey can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma
6.药理学困难

哪类药物与 ACE 抑制剂合用可能导致危及生命的高钾血症?

  1. A噻嗪类利尿剂
  2. B袢利尿剂,如大剂量静脉注射的呋塞米
  3. C质子泵抑制剂
  4. D保钾利尿剂,如螺内酯

3溶液

1.精神科护理

答案: D · The patient may show anger, sadness or a return of earlier symptoms

为什么是这个答案

Ending a relationship can trigger feelings of loss, so regression, anger or sadness are common. The nurse prepares the patient for the ending from the start and helps them talk about these feelings.

答案

D · The patient may show anger, sadness or a return of earlier symptoms
2.精神科护理

答案: C · The combined anticholinergic effects of her medicines

为什么是这个答案

Several drugs with anticholinergic effects add up, increasing the risk of delirium, constipation and urinary retention in older adults. A medicine review aims to reduce the total anticholinergic burden.

答案

C · The combined anticholinergic effects of her medicines
3.临床心理学

答案: C · 两者合用可导致血压危险地升高

为什么是这个答案

MAO 正常时分解食物中的酪胺。它被抑制后,酪胺可引发高血压危象,因此使用 MAOI 需要饮食限制。

答案

C · 两者合用可导致血压危险地升高
4.临床心理学

答案: C · 因自己的外貌或行为冒犯他人或使他人难堪

为什么是这个答案

对人恐惧症是一种文化性痛苦概念,当事人害怕自己的目光、气味或外貌会冒犯他人。它说明文化塑造了焦虑的表现方式。

答案

C · 因自己的外貌或行为冒犯他人或使他人难堪
5.药理学

答案: D · They can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma

为什么是这个答案

In aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, COX inhibition increases leukotriene production, causing bronchospasm. These patients should avoid aspirin and other non-selective NSAIDs.

答案

D · They can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma
6.药理学

答案: D · 保钾利尿剂,如螺内酯

为什么是这个答案

ACE 抑制剂降低醛固酮,螺内酯阻断其受体;两者合用减少钾排泄,可能使血钾危险升高。

答案

D · 保钾利尿剂,如螺内酯

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing