NCLEX 风格练习题（RN）：速成包

A patient says, "I've never seen this tablet before," as the nurse offers it. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that the tablet is correct and give it
2. BLeave the tablet on the table for the patient to take later
3. CGive half the tablet until the doctor visits
4. DStop and recheck the prescription before giving it

A small fire starts in a patient's room. What is the first action?

1. AMove the patient away from immediate danger
2. BGo and find the fire safety officer to ask what should be done
3. COpen the windows to let out the smoke
4. DTry to put out the fire with water

A woman who is pregnant asks for the MMR vaccine because she is not immune to rubella. What is correct?

1. AMMR is safe at any stage of pregnancy
2. BMMR is only given to pregnant women who work in hospitals
3. CMMR is a live vaccine and is not given during pregnancy, but can be given after delivery
4. DMMR should be given as soon as possible in the first trimester to protect the baby

A nurse asks a colleague to “just glance” at an insulin infusion before starting it. What makes a check truly independent?

1. AThe second nurse looks at the bag label from the doorway
2. BThe first nurse reads the details aloud and the second agrees
3. CThe second nurse signs the record after the infusion has already been started by the first
4. DThe second nurse checks the order, drug, dose and pump settings separately without being told the answer

A patient on a medical unit tells the nurse he has a plan to end his life and has saved tablets at home. What is the priority action?

1. AArrange a psychiatry appointment for next week
2. BEnsure constant observation and remove anything he could use to harm himself
3. CReassure him that things usually look better in the morning after some sleep
4. DAsk him to promise he will not harm himself

A patient takes lithium. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will keep my daily salt intake about the same as usual.”
2. B“I will take ibuprofen every day for my headaches.”
3. C“I will go for my blood tests as planned.”
4. D“I will drink enough fluid every day.”

Compared with a colostomy, a patient with an ileostomy is at greater risk of:

1. ALow blood glucose after meals
2. BHard stools, straining and constipation from slow transit
3. CDehydration and electrolyte loss from liquid output
4. DUrinary retention

A patient has a swollen, warm, tender calf on one side. Which action should the nurse avoid?

1. AReporting the findings to the doctor
2. BMassaging the calf
3. CChecking whether VTE prophylaxis was given
4. DMeasuring and comparing calf circumference

A patient with type 2 diabetes starts prednisone each morning. When is the glucose most likely to be highest?

1. AThe glucose will not change
2. BIn the early morning, before the dose
3. CAt midnight only
4. DIn the afternoon and evening

At the start of a shift, the nurse reviews four new results. Which patient needs attention first?

1. ASodium 119 mEq/L in a patient with new confusion and vomiting
2. BHemoglobin 11.0 g/dL (110 g/L) in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
3. CPotassium 5.2 mEq/L in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
4. DGlucose 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) after a meal in a patient with diabetes

Which lab tests are monitored in a patient taking carbamazepine?

1. AFull blood count and serum sodium
2. BThyroid antibodies and cortisol
3. CSerum amylase and lipase
4. DINR and aPTT

某药分布容积为 40 L，生物利用度为 100%。要达到 2 mg/L 的目标血浆浓度，负荷剂量应为多少？

1. A160 mg
2. B42 mg
3. C20 mg
4. D80 mg

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AAsthma
2. BStable angina
3. CPhaeochromocytoma
4. DAortic stenosis

Hours after surgery to restore blood flow to an ischaemic leg, the patient has severe calf pain that is worse when the toes are moved passively, and the calf feels tense. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA superficial thrombophlebitis of the long saphenous vein
2. BExpected postoperative pain from the leg wound
3. CCramp from lying still in bed
4. DCompartment syndrome from reperfusion swelling

Which group of problems is typical of primary hyperparathyroidism?

1. AHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhoea
2. BMuscle cramps, tingling lips and seizures
3. CKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and low mood
4. DHair loss, weight gain and feeling cold

A patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome has a blood pressure that swings between 80/50 and 190/100 mmHg and a heart rate that changes suddenly. What does this suggest?

1. AAutonomic dysfunction, which needs continuous cardiac monitoring
2. BAnxiety that will settle with reassurance alone
3. CA drug reaction that means all medicines must stop
4. DA faulty blood pressure cuff that should be replaced and the readings ignored

A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?

1. AThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure
2. BThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal
3. CThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned
4. DThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants

A nurse finds a dislodged sealed radiation source in the bed of a patient receiving brachytherapy. What should the nurse do?

1. APick it up with gloved hands and put it in the nearest sharps bin quickly
2. BThrow it in the clinical waste bag
3. CLeave it in the bed until the end of the shift
4. DUse long-handled forceps to put it in the lead container; report it

Why is tight glucose control before conception important in women with pre-existing diabetes?

1. AIt prevents the need for any monitoring during pregnancy
2. BEarly hyperglycaemia raises the risk of birth defects
3. CIt guarantees that the baby will be born at term
4. DIt prevents the mother from developing pre-eclampsia

A woman on day 2 after a caesarean suddenly has chest pain, breathlessness, a heart rate of 120/min and an oxygen saturation of 90%. What is the priority?

1. ACall for help, sit her up and give oxygen
2. BTell her to rest and recheck in 4 hours
3. CAsk her to walk to the bathroom
4. DGive her a laxative for abdominal pressure

10 个月婴儿的哪项生长曲线表现最需要进一步评估？

1. A头围沿着第 75 百分位曲线生长
2. B身长在第 50 百分位，体重在第 40 百分位
3. C自出生以来体重一直在第 10 百分位
4. D自上几次就诊以来，体重已跨越两条主要百分位线下降

手术后，一名 4 岁儿童一动不动地躺着，做鬼脸，腿部紧绷并呻吟。FLACC 评分为 8 分。护士应怎么做？

1. A等到孩子要求止痛
2. B给予处方的镇痛药，并在药物起效后重新评估疼痛
3. C用游戏或视频分散孩子的注意力，除非孩子要求，否则不做其他处理
4. D以为孩子累了，让他睡觉

一名患者说：“我要吃药丸、账单、山丘、蒸馏器。”（I'll take the pill, the bill, the hill, the still.）这称为什么？

1. A音联联想（clang association）
2. B模仿言语
3. C新语症
4. D持续言语

一名患者来回踱步，攥紧拳头，并对工作人员大喊大叫。最恰当的首要应对方式是什么？

1. A用平静的语言降级处理，保持安全距离，并确保双方都有出口
2. B转过身去，无视这种行为
3. C站得离患者很近并提高嗓门，以明确掌控局面
4. D立即约束患者

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 一位患者身高 5 ft 1 in。按 1 ft = 12 in 和 1 in = 2.54 cm，求以厘米表示的身高h，取到最接近的整厘米。

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 一张处方写着口服混悬液1 tsp，每 8 小时一次，共 5 天。按1 tsp = 5 mL，整个疗程需要多少 mLV？

某患者体重 45 kg，医嘱为单次给药 20 mg/kg。求剂量 D（mg）。

处方剂量为 65 微克。安瓿浓度为 0.5 mg/mL。请用 1 mL 注射器抽取剂量：应给多少体积 V？

医嘱要求以 90 mL/h 输液，但没有输液泵。改用滴系数为 60 gtt/mL 的输液器重力滴注。求滴速 R，以每分钟滴数表示。

一袋液体在 50 mL 中含药 200 mg，以 8 mL/h 的速度输注。患者每小时获得多少毫克 D？

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 一袋中含肝素 25 000 单位，容量 500 mL。医嘱为 18 units/kg/h，患者体重 73 kg。输液泵速率 R 应设为多少 mL/h？ 保留一位小数。

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 一名体重 64 kg 的患者的医嘱为norepinephrine 10 mcg/min。输液袋中含 8 mg，容量 250 mL。求泵速 R，以 mL/h 计。 保留一位小数。

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 记录显示了一名患者在一个 12 小时班次中的出入量。患者体重 46 kg。求平均尿量 U，以 mL/kg/h 计。 保留两位小数。

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 一袋 1000 mL 的液体于 12:15 开始用输液泵以 120 mL/h 输注。到 19:45 时袋中还剩多少 mL V？

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 一位患者的脉搏为 104 次/分，血压为 85/51 mmHg。求休克指数SI = HR/SBP。取到两位小数。

练习题（虚构数值，不作为临床指导）。 一名成人体重 139 kg，身高 195 cm。计算 BMI 并点击 WHO 体重分类。

1. 1体重过轻
2. 2健康体重
3. 3超重
4. 4肥胖 I 级
5. 5肥胖 II 级
6. 6肥胖 III 级

练习数值：Na⁺ 150 mmol/L，葡萄糖 16 mmol/L，尿素 23 mmol/L。计算血清渗透压 Osm = 2·Na⁺ + 葡萄糖 + 尿素，取最接近的整数。

在海平面，某练习血气取自吸入 40% 氧气时，显示 PaO₂ 50 mmHg (6.7 kPa)，PaCO₂ 41 mmHg (5.5 kPa)。用 PAO₂ = FiO₂·(760 − 47) − PaCO₂/0.8 求A–a 梯度。

解读这条 II 导联心律条带。这是什么节律？点击你的答案。

1. 1窦性心律伴窦性停搏
2. 2正常窦性心律
3. 3二度 II 型房室传导阻滞
4. 4窦性心律不齐

依次按五个步骤解读这条 II 导联心电图：心率、节律、P 波、PR 间期、QRS 时限。你在哪一步发现第一个异常？点击它。

1. 1折旧率
2. 2节律
3. 3P 波
4. 4PR 间期
5. 5QRS 时限