NCLEX 风格的优先排序与委派：速成包

一名生命体征正常、病情稳定的成人手上有一处需要缝合的伤口，别无其他问题。哪个 ESI 级别合适？

1. A2 级
2. B3 级
3. C4 级
4. D5 级

Two weeks after birth, a mother says she hears voices telling her the baby is evil. What is the priority?

1. AReassure her that this is normal “baby blues”
2. BLeave her alone with the baby to bond
3. CKeep the mother and baby safe and arrange urgent psychiatric care
4. DAdvise more sleep and book a routine follow-up visit for next month

一名活动性肺结核患者需要前往放射科。应如何转运该患者？

1. A患者佩戴外科口罩，并提前通知放射科
2. B患者佩戴未经密合性测试的 N95 呼吸器
3. C不戴口罩，因为走廊通风良好且路程短
4. D患者戴手套、穿隔离衣，不需要口罩

During a disaster, the hospital needs to free beds quickly. Which patient is the best candidate for early discharge?

1. AA patient on an IV heparin infusion that is still being adjusted
2. BA patient on a ventilator in the intensive care unit who is slowly improving
3. CA patient with ongoing chest pain awaiting cardiac tests
4. DA patient admitted overnight for observation who is now stable with normal tests

A patient with a potassium of 2.8 mEq/L has potassium chloride prescribed IV. Which statement about giving it is correct?

1. AIt may be given as a slow IV push over one minute if the level is very low
2. BIt is always diluted and given by infusion pump, never as an IV push
3. CIt is given as an undiluted bolus into a large vein to avoid irritation
4. DIt is added to the IV bag without mixing, so it stays at the bottom

A 5-year-old has new bruising and petechiae two weeks after a viral illness. Platelets are 12 × 10³/µL; hemoglobin, white cell count and clotting times are normal. Which condition is most likely?

1. AAcute leukemia
2. BImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
3. CDisseminated intravascular coagulation
4. DHemophilia A

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AUnopened insulin is kept in the fridge and must not be frozen
2. BInsulin should be kept in direct sunlight
3. CInsulin never expires once opened
4. DAll insulin should be stored in the freezer to keep it fresh

Why is hypokalaemia particularly dangerous in a patient taking digoxin?

1. ALow potassium makes digoxin work too slowly
2. BDigoxin raises potassium to dangerous levels when it is already low
3. CLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
4. DLow potassium stops digoxin from being absorbed

一名患者出现胸骨后胸痛，心电图显示 STEMI。这通常需要什么处理？

1. A在作任何治疗决定前先等肌钙蛋白结果
2. B收入院，次日早晨复查心电图
3. C口服 β 受体阻滞剂，疼痛缓解后出院
4. D紧急再灌注，首选直接 PCI

A patient on spironolactone and an ACE inhibitor has a potassium of 6.8 mmol/L (6.8 mEq/L) with peaked T waves. What is usually given first to protect the heart?

1. AAn IV furosemide bolus as the only treatment
2. BIntravenous calcium gluconate or chloride
3. COral potassium supplements
4. DA dose of digoxin

Why is levodopa combined with carbidopa (or benserazide)?

1. ATo add a separate effect that reduces the resting tremor directly
2. BTo stop levodopa being converted to dopamine outside the brain
3. CTo prevent tolerance from developing to levodopa over time
4. DTo make levodopa cross into the brain more slowly and evenly

A patient with a new arm fistula says their hand on that side is cold, pale and painful, especially during dialysis. What is the concern?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the dressing on the arm
2. BNormal healing that needs no action
3. CFluid overload in the arm
4. DSteal syndrome, which needs urgent review

Which measure helps reduce the risk of delirium in an older surgical patient?

1. AMaking sure they have their glasses and hearing aids
2. BKeeping the room dark during the day
3. CMoving them to a new bed space each night to reduce boredom
4. DGiving a sleeping tablet every night

After forearm fracture surgery, a patient has severe pain not eased by opioids, made worse by passively moving the fingers. What should the nurse do?

1. ARaise the arm as high as possible and give a further dose of opioid
2. BLoosen any tight dressing, keep the arm at heart level and escalate
3. CApply ice and a tighter bandage to reduce the swelling
4. DReassure the patient that this pain is expected