Sudden breathlessness, pleuritic chest pain and tachycardia after surgery suggest a clot from the leg has reached the lungs. This is an emergency needing urgent medical review.
答案
A · A pulmonary embolism
3.临床护理
答案: B · 液体潴留
为什么是这个答案
心衰患者体重骤增通常意味着液体超负荷。每天称重是监测液体平衡最简单的方法。
答案
B · 液体潴留
4.临床护理
答案: D · SIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
为什么是这个答案
In SIADH, excess ADH makes the kidneys retain water, so blood sodium is diluted while urine is concentrated. Small cell lung cancer is a classic cause; fluid restriction is a common first step.
答案
D · SIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
答案: C · Stop or slow the infusion and inform the provider
为什么是这个答案
Flushing of the upper body during vancomycin is usually an infusion reaction related to the rate. The nurse stops or slows the infusion, assesses for anaphylaxis and informs the provider.
答案
C · Stop or slow the infusion and inform the provider
14.优先排序与委派
答案: A · Hemoglobin 6.5 g/dL (65 g/L) in a patient with a GI bleed
为什么是这个答案
A hemoglobin of 6.5 g/dL (65 g/L) in a bleeding patient shows severe anemia and may need urgent transfusion. The other results are mildly abnormal or stable.
答案
A · Hemoglobin 6.5 g/dL (65 g/L) in a patient with a GI bleed
15.感染控制与患者安全
答案: A · 使外观相似的药名更容易区分
为什么是这个答案
Tall Man 标注法把相似药名中不同的字母用大写表示,使工作人员在阅读标签、屏幕和医嘱时能注意到差异。
答案
A · 使外观相似的药名更容易区分
16.感染控制与患者安全
答案: C · Keep the alarm on, fix the cause such as electrode placement, and adjust limits only per policy
为什么是这个答案
Disabling alarms is a known cause of missed deterioration. Alarm fatigue is reduced by fixing causes such as poor skin preparation or old electrodes and by setting individual limits according to orders and policy.
答案
C · Keep the alarm on, fix the cause such as electrode placement, and adjust limits only per policy
17.实验室检查值与电解质
答案: B · Vitamin B12
为什么是这个答案
B12 and folate deficiencies both cause macrocytic anemia, but B12 deficiency also damages the spinal cord and peripheral nerves, causing numbness, tingling and poor balance. Neurological damage can become permanent if treatment is delayed.核对依据:Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia - Medical Encyclopedia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026); Vitamin B12 level - Medical Encyclopedia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)
答案
B · Vitamin B12
18.实验室检查值与电解质
答案: C · "I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
为什么是这个答案
Calcium in milk, as well as antacids and tea, reduces iron absorption, so iron should not be taken with them. Vitamin C improves absorption, dark stools are expected, and iron overdose is a serious poisoning risk in young children.核对依据:Iron deficiency anemia - Medical Encyclopedia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025); Iron in diet - Medical Encyclopedia · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答案
C · "I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"