II 导联,25 mm/s,10 mm/mV1 个小格 = 0.04 s,1 个大格 = 0.20 s条带长度 6 s
QTc = s
12.心电图节律条带解读困难
识别这条 II 导联心电图上的节律。点击你的答案。
II 导联,25 mm/s,10 mm/mV1 个小格 = 0.04 s,1 个大格 = 0.20 s条带长度 6 s
1室性心动过速
2心室颤动
3尖端扭转型室性心动过速
4窦性心动过速
13.优先排序与委派中等
A patient with schizophrenia says voices are telling him to hurt his roommate. What is the priority?
AKeep everyone safe and tell the team, as the risk of harm is high
BTell him the voices are not real and leave him alone
CIgnore the comment, because voices are part of his illness
DAsk the roommate to stay in the room with him and help calm him down
14.优先排序与委派困难
Which patient is the best choice for the room closest to the nurses’ station?
AA patient with stable diabetes who walks independently
BA confused older adult at high risk of falls
CA patient admitted for a planned scan, feeling well
DA young adult waiting for discharge tomorrow
15.感染控制与患者安全中等
During a surgical hand scrub, how are the hands held?
APointing downward into the sink at all times
BBelow the elbows, so water runs off the fingertips into the sink
CAbove the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows
DAt the level of the waist, close to the body
16.感染控制与患者安全困难
A patient is on contact precautions. Which task is appropriate for the nurse to delegate to assistive personnel?
ADeciding when the precautions can be stopped
BAssessing the wound for new signs of infection during the bath
CHelping the patient bathe while wearing a gown and gloves
DTeaching the family how to follow the precautions
17.实验室检查值与电解质中等
An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1.0 to 1.8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?
ANormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
BThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
CMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
DA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
18.实验室检查值与电解质困难
A patient with SIADH is on fluid restriction. Which task can the RN delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), such as a nursing or healthcare assistant?
ATeaching the reasons for fluid restriction
BAssessing the patient for new confusion
CDeciding when to recheck the sodium level
DMeasuring and recording intake and output
3溶液
1.护理学基础
答案: C · Gloves can have tiny holes and hands can be contaminated during removal
为什么是这个答案
Gloves reduce, but do not remove, the risk of hand contamination. Hand hygiene is performed after glove removal every time.
答案
C · Gloves can have tiny holes and hands can be contaminated during removal
2.护理学基础
答案: B · 读数假性偏高
为什么是这个答案
手臂低于心脏水平会增加静水压,使读数偏高。应让患者坐好放松,并把手臂支撑在心脏水平。
答案
B · 读数假性偏高
3.临床护理
答案: A · Avoid heat sources such as hot water bottles over the patch
为什么是这个答案
Heat increases absorption of fentanyl through the skin and can cause overdose. Old patches are removed and folded before disposal, and patches should not be cut unless the product allows it.
答案
A · Avoid heat sources such as hot water bottles over the patch
室性节律:室性心动过速是连续三个或以上宽大(0.12 s 或以上)的波群,频率超过 100 次/分,通常为 150–250 次/分,节律规则,没有相关的 P 波。心室颤动是紊乱、不规则的波形,无法辨认 P 波、QRS 波群或 T 波,也没有可计数的频率。心脏停搏是几乎平直的线,没有心室活动;平直线一定要通过检查患者、导联和增益并换一个导联来确认。在复苏指南中,室颤和无脉性室速是可电击心律,心脏停搏则不是。
五个步骤
1. 心率:R–R = 10 个小格,1500 ÷ 10 ≈ 150 次/分。
2. 节律:规则,每个 R–R 均为 0.40 s。
3. P 波:无法辨认。
4. PR 间期:无法测量。
5. QRS:0.14 s,增宽(0.12 s 或以上)。
解读
室性心动过速
答案
室性心动过速
在复苏指南中,室颤和无脉性室速是可电击心律。这里只是识别练习。
13.优先排序与委派
答案: A · Keep everyone safe and tell the team, as the risk of harm is high
为什么是这个答案
Command hallucinations to harm others are a serious safety risk. The nurse keeps the patient and others safe, for example by separating them, and informs the team at once.
答案
A · Keep everyone safe and tell the team, as the risk of harm is high
14.优先排序与委派
答案: B · A confused older adult at high risk of falls
为什么是这个答案
A confused patient at high risk of falls benefits from being close to staff, so they can be observed and helped quickly. The other patients are stable and independent.
答案
B · A confused older adult at high risk of falls
15.感染控制与患者安全
答案: C · Above the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows
为什么是这个答案
After a surgical scrub, the hands are the cleanest area, so they are held above the elbows to let water drain away from them toward the less clean elbows.
答案
C · Above the elbows, so water runs from the fingertips toward the elbows
16.感染控制与患者安全
答案: C · Helping the patient bathe while wearing a gown and gloves
为什么是这个答案
Assistive personnel can carry out routine care for a stable patient, using the correct PPE. Assessment, teaching and clinical judgement, such as deciding when to stop precautions, cannot be delegated to them.
答案
C · Helping the patient bathe while wearing a gown and gloves
17.实验室检查值与电解质
答案: B · The NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
为什么是这个答案
NSAIDs reduce prostaglandin-driven blood flow to the kidney. Combined with an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic, this can cause acute kidney injury, especially in older adults. The nurse reports the result and the NSAID is usually stopped.核对依据:Creatinine blood test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)
答案
B · The NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
18.实验室检查值与电解质
答案: D · Measuring and recording intake and output
为什么是这个答案
UAP can measure and record intake and output and weigh the patient, then report the values to the RN. Assessing mental status, teaching and making decisions about laboratory monitoring need nursing judgment and remain with the RN.