A patient rescued from a house fire has a headache and confusion, but the pulse oximeter reads 99%. Why might this reading be misleading?
APulse oximeters always read falsely low after any kind of smoke exposure
BConfusion and headache make pulse oximetry readings inaccurate in every patient
CThe reading is accurate, so carbon monoxide poisoning is ruled out
DPulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
17.实验室检查值与电解质中等
A patient taking furosemide has a potassium of 3.3 mEq/L and is told to eat more potassium-rich foods. Which snack is the best choice?
AWhite bread
BDried apricots
CRice cakes
DPlain crackers
18.实验室检查值与电解质困难
一名严重呕吐的患者钾 3.0 mEq/L,氯 88 mEq/L,碳酸氢盐高。这显示什么模式?
A胃酸丢失:低钾、低氯、代谢性碱中毒
B结果正常,无需随访
C高钾伴脱水所致的代谢性酸中毒
D伴高阴离子间隙的糖尿病酮症酸中毒
3溶液
1.护理学基础
答案: C · The tubing for kinks or blockage and where the bag is
为什么是这个答案
Kinked or trapped tubing, a bag above bladder level or a blocked catheter are common causes. If these are fine, the patient is assessed for low output and the doctor informed.
答案
C · The tubing for kinks or blockage and where the bag is
答案: C · SIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
为什么是这个答案
In SIADH, excess ADH makes the kidneys retain water, so blood sodium is diluted while urine is concentrated. Small cell lung cancer is a classic cause; fluid restriction is a common first step.
答案
C · SIADH, often managed first with fluid restriction
答案: D · Pulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
为什么是这个答案
Standard pulse oximeters read carboxyhemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin, so SpO2 can look normal in carbon monoxide poisoning. A blood carboxyhemoglobin level confirms it, and high-flow oxygen is given.
答案
D · Pulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
17.实验室检查值与电解质
答案: B · Dried apricots
为什么是这个答案
Dried fruits such as apricots, raisins and prunes are rich in potassium, as are bananas, oranges, potatoes, beans and tomatoes. Refined grain products such as white bread and crackers are low in potassium.核对依据:Potassium in diet · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)