一块 200 mm × 240 mm 的板有一个宽 60 mm、高 20 mm 的矩形切口,位于竖直中心线上,切口中心在底边之上 144 mm 处。求关于通过形心的水平轴的截面二次矩 Ix。
b = 200 mmh = 240 mm切口: 60 × 20 mm孔心: y = 144 mm
Ix = × 10⁶ mm⁴
3溶液
1.向量:点积和叉积
答案: W = 245 J
Dot product:a·b = axbx + ayby + azbz = |a|·|b|·cos θ, a scalar. It gives the angle between two vectors, cos θ = a·b/(|a|·|b|), and it is zero when they are perpendicular. The scalar projection of a onto b is a·b/|b|, and a constant force F moving through a displacement d does work W = F·d.
位移
d = B − A = (3, 3, 3) − (−5, −1, −2) = (8, 4, 5) m
功
W = F·d = 10·8 + 10·4 + 25·5 = 245 J
答案
W = 245 J
2.向量:点积和叉积
答案: V = 20
Cross product:a × b = (aybz − azby, azbx − axbz, axby − aybx) is perpendicular to both vectors, and |a × b| = |a|·|b|·sin θ is the area of the parallelogram they span (the triangle has half of it). Order matters: b × a = −(a × b). The moment of a force F applied at point A about point O is MO = r × F, with r = A − O.