阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“After the long drought, the first rain fell. Farmers stood in their fields with their faces turned up to the sky.” How do the farmers most likely feel?
“The town’s only factory closed in March. By summer, several shops on the main street had shut, and the bus service was cut to twice a day.” What does the passage suggest?
计算 3 1/3 × 2 1/4。点击最简形式的答案。
一盒 420 只手套按 5 : 6 : 4 的比例分给三个病房。第三个病房分到多少只手套 x?
哪条动脉供应左心室前壁的大部分和室间隔的前部?
肺尖部肿瘤导致同侧面部上睑下垂、瞳孔缩小和无汗。哪条通路受到了破坏?
肺活量是哪些肺容积之和?
为什么吸入 100% 氧气只能很差地纠正真正的右向左分流引起的低氧血症?
Why do many plants close their stomata on hot, dry days?
In uncontrolled diabetes, glucose appears in the urine and the person passes large volumes of urine. What is the best explanation?
What is 380 mmHg in atmospheres?
Cotton soaked in ammonia (NH₃) and cotton soaked in hydrogen chloride (HCl) are placed at opposite ends of a glass tube. A white ring of ammonium chloride forms closer to the HCl end. What does this show?
Which sentence formats the book title correctly?
Choose the correct verb for formal writing: “She is one of those nurses who ___ never late.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Poor eyesight can be a barrier to reading labels.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient’s mood was euphoric despite the bad news.”
答案: D · Relieved
After a long drought, the rain is what the farmers needed, so standing in it with faces turned up shows relief and joy.
答案: A · The factory closing hurt the wider town.
After the factory closed, shops shut and buses were cut, suggesting that the loss of the factory harmed the town’s economy.
答案: 7 1/2
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: x = 112
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
答案: B · 左前降支
左前降支(前室间支)供应左心室前壁和室间隔前三分之二。它的阻塞会导致前壁梗死。
答案: C · 颈交感干
这是霍纳综合征:交感纤维中断引起上睑下垂、瞳孔缩小和无汗,本例是肺尖部(Pancoast)肿瘤压迫交感干所致。
答案: C · 潮气量、补吸气量和补呼气量
肺活量 = IRV + TV + ERV。它不包括始终留在肺内的残气量。
答案: C · 分流的血液从未接触肺泡气
分流的血液绕过有通气的肺泡,把脱氧血混入动脉血中。与 V/Q 失调或通气不足不同,额外吸入的氧气无法到达这部分血液。
答案: A · To reduce water loss
Closing the stomata reduces water loss by transpiration and helps the plant avoid wilting. The cost is that less CO₂ can enter, so photosynthesis slows.
答案: C · Glucose in the kidney filtrate holds water by osmosis
When blood glucose is very high, the kidneys cannot reabsorb all the glucose. The extra glucose in the filtrate lowers its water potential, so less water is reabsorbed and more urine is produced.
答案: A · 0.5 atm
380 mmHg ÷ 760 mmHg/atm = 0.5 atm. This is about the air pressure near the top of a very high mountain.
答案: C · The lighter NH₃ molecules diffuse faster than HCl molecules
At the same temperature, lighter gas molecules move faster on average. NH₃ (17 g/mol) is lighter than HCl (36.5 g/mol), so it travels farther and the gases meet nearer the HCl end.
答案: A · She read To Kill a Mockingbird last summer.
Titles of books are italicised in typed text. Quotation marks are for short works such as poems and articles.
答案: A · are
“Who” refers to “those nurses”, not to “one”, so the verb in the clause is plural: “nurses who are never late”.
答案: D · Obstacle
A barrier is something that prevents or blocks progress.
答案: C · Intensely happy
Euphoric means feeling intense happiness or excitement.
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