阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“The nurse checked the patient’s wristband, asked his name and date of birth, and compared them with the medicine order before giving the tablet.” Why did the nurse most likely do these checks?
A safety leaflet says: “Store all medicines out of the reach of children. Keep them in their original containers so that the label and instructions stay with them.” Which practice follows BOTH pieces of advice?
一本教科书的价格从 $520 变为 $468。 减少的百分数是多少 p?
解出 x:6(x − 3) = 3x + 15。
哪个结构连接中耳和鼻咽?
在屈膝开始时,哪块肌肉通过使股骨在胫骨上外旋而“解锁”完全伸直的膝关节?
哪个激素事件触发排卵?
在肾素–血管紧张素–醛固酮系统中,血管紧张素 I 主要在哪里转化为血管紧张素 II?
What is a chromosomal translocation?
In Tay-Sachs disease, a lysosomal enzyme does not work. What happens inside the affected nerve cells?
When a nucleus emits an alpha particle, how do its mass number and atomic number change?
Which list puts fluorine, chlorine and bromine in order of increasing electronegativity?
Which word is written correctly with a hyphen?
Which sentence is the correct use of “it’s”?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The pupils dilate in the dark.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient’s speech was incoherent.”
答案: C · To make sure the medicine went to the right patient
Checking the wristband, name and date of birth against the order confirms the patient’s identity, preventing medicine errors.
答案: D · Original bottles kept in a high, locked cabinet
Only the original bottles in a high, locked cabinet keep medicines out of children’s reach and in labelled containers.
答案: p = 10 %
百分数表示每一百份中的份数:一个数的 p% 等于 (p/100) × 这个数。求 A 是 B 的百分之几,用 A 除以 B 再乘以 100。百分数变化是把变化量与原值比较:百分数变化 =(新值 − 原值)/原值 × 100。
答案: x = 11
解方程:对等式两边做同样的操作,直到 x 单独在一边。按相反的顺序撤销运算:先撤销加法或减法,再撤销乘法或除法。用分配律 a(x + b) = ax + ab 去掉括号,并把含 x 的项合并到一边。把答案代回去检验。
答案: D · 咽鼓管(欧氏管)
咽鼓管使鼓膜两侧的气压保持平衡。儿童的咽鼓管较短且较水平,因此容易发生中耳炎。
答案: C · 腘肌
完全伸直时,膝关节通过股骨内旋而锁定。腘肌使股骨在固定的胫骨上外旋,从而解锁,使屈膝得以开始。
答案: B · 黄体生成素(LH)峰
优势卵泡分泌的雌激素不断升高,触发腺垂体释放 LH 峰,约一天后引起排卵。
答案: C · 肺
肾素(肾)把血管紧张素原(肝)裂解为血管紧张素 I,ACE(主要在肺毛细血管内皮上)再将其转化为血管紧张素 II。
答案: D · A piece of one chromosome attaches to a non-matching chromosome
In a translocation a segment moves to a non-homologous chromosome. Some translocations are linked to cancers, such as the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
答案: A · The undigested substance builds up inside lysosomes
Lysosomes break down large molecules with their enzymes. When one enzyme is missing, its substrate (a fatty substance in Tay-Sachs) accumulates in the lysosomes and damages the nerve cells. Such conditions are called lysosomal storage diseases.
答案: B · Mass number falls by 4 and atomic number falls by 2
Losing 2 protons and 2 neutrons lowers the mass number by 4 and the atomic number by 2, so a new element forms two places earlier in the periodic table.
答案: A · Br < Cl < F
Electronegativity decreases going down a group because the outer shell is farther from the nucleus. Bromine is lowest of the three, fluorine highest.
答案: D · self-esteem
Words formed with the prefix “self-” are normally hyphenated: self-esteem, self-care, self-control.
答案: C · It’s important to wash your hands.
“It’s” means “it is” or “it has”. In the other sentences the possessive “its” is needed.
答案: A · Become wider
To dilate is to widen or open up; pupils dilate to let in more light.
答案: C · Unclear and not logically connected
Incoherent speech is confused and hard to follow.
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