阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
A pie chart of a family’s monthly budget shows: housing 40%, food 20%, transport 15%, savings 10%, other 15%. Which statement is true?
A survey on a fitness website asked visitors, “How many days a week do you exercise?” Most answered five or more. The website reported, “Most adults exercise five days a week.” Why is this conclusion questionable?
计算 3 7/8 × 1 1/2。点击最简形式的答案。
饼图显示了一家医院的 600 名员工在 A 到 D 各部门之间的分布。 部门 B 比部门 C 多多少名员工 x?
大腿前面哪组肌肉使膝关节伸展?
向胸膜腔内放置胸腔引流管或穿刺针时,为什么要紧贴肋骨上缘进针?
在膝跳反射中叩击髌腱时,哪种感受器受到刺激?
为什么左心室衰竭会引起肺水肿?
在有丝分裂的哪个时期,姐妹染色单体被拉向相反的两极?
The field of view of a microscope is 0.5 mm wide. About 10 cells fit across it in a line. What is the approximate width of one cell?
What are isomers?
Ethene has the structure H₂C=CH₂. How many electrons are shared between the two carbon atoms?
Which sentence punctuates the quoted question correctly?
In which sentence is the underlined -ing word a participle (used as an adjective) rather than a gerund?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient’s skin felt clammy.”
Which word is closest in meaning to ubiquitous?
答案: B · Housing takes the largest share.
Housing (40%) is the largest share. Food and transport total 35%, less than housing; savings (10%) is the smallest share.
答案: D · Visitors to a fitness site are not typical adults.
People who visit a fitness website probably exercise more than average, so the sample is biased and cannot represent all adults.
答案: 5 13/16
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: x = 240
读图表:先读标题、类别和刻度。在条形图或折线图上,从条形顶端或点向纵轴水平看过去;每条网格线是刻度的一格。饼图表示整体的各个部分:p% 的扇形代表总量的 p%,其角度为 360° 的 p%。
答案: C · 股四头肌
股四头肌(股直肌和三块股肌)通过髌韧带使膝关节伸展。腘绳肌使膝关节屈曲。
答案: A · 肋间静脉、动脉和神经沿每根肋骨的下缘走行
肋间神经血管束(自上而下为静脉、动脉、神经)位于每根肋骨下方的肋沟内。紧贴下一根肋骨的上缘进针可以避开它。
答案: B · 肌梭
叩击肌腱会牵拉股四头肌的肌梭。其传入纤维直接与运动神经元形成突触,通过单突触反射使肌肉收缩。
答案: D · 左心房压升高使肺毛细血管静水压升高
衰竭的左心室使压力向后传到左心房和肺静脉。毛细血管静水压升高,把液体推入肺间质和肺泡。
答案: A · 后期
后期时,着丝粒分裂,纺锤丝把姐妹染色单体拉向相反的两端。随后是末期,形成新的核膜。
答案: A · 50 µm
0.5 mm = 500 µm. Dividing by 10 cells gives about 50 µm per cell.
答案: A · Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures
Isomers have the same number and type of atoms arranged differently, which gives them different properties. Glucose and fructose are isomers. Isotopes are about neutrons, not structure.
答案: A · 4
The two carbons are joined by a double bond, which is two shared pairs, so 4 electrons. Each carbon also forms two single bonds to hydrogen, giving 4 bonds per carbon.
答案: A · The patient asked, “When can I go home?”
When the quotation is a question, the question mark goes inside the quotation marks. A quoted full sentence also starts with a capital letter.
答案: B · The crying baby needed a feeding.
In A, “crying” describes the noun “baby”, so it is a participle. In B, C and D the -ing word acts as a noun (subject, object or subject complement), so it is a gerund.
答案: C · Cool and damp
Clammy skin is cool and moist with sweat.
答案: D · Widespread
Ubiquitous means found everywhere, so widespread is the closest meaning.
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