阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“The waiting room was packed. Every chair was taken, and a dozen people stood along the walls.” What does “packed” mean in this passage?
A medicine label reads: “Take 2 tablets every 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 8 tablets in 24 hours.” A patient takes 2 tablets at 6 a.m., noon and 6 p.m. How many more tablets may the patient take before 6 a.m. the next day?
某诊所一个上午接诊的患者年龄为 18, 37, 18, 27, 40, 3, 18。众数 M 是多少?
一场医院募捐活动有 72 张抽奖券。第一天卖出其中的 1/4,第二天卖出剩余票数的 1/2。还有多少张票 x 没卖出?
臂丛由哪些脊神经根组成?
一名足球运动员支撑腿的膝关节外侧受到撞击。哪种损伤组合被经典地称为“膝关节三联征”(unhappy triad)?
哪个激素事件触发排卵?
在恶性贫血中,胃壁细胞的自身免疫性破坏导致贫血,是因为:
During childbirth, pressure on the cervix causes oxytocin release, which causes stronger contractions and more pressure. What kind of control is this?
A plant cell is placed in a strong salt solution. Its membrane and cytoplasm pull away from the cell wall. What is this called?
In a reaction at equilibrium, a product is continuously removed. What happens?
Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵?
Which sentence uses a reflexive pronoun correctly?
Which sentence is the best topic sentence for a paragraph about the benefits of sleep for students?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Contaminated needles must be placed in a sharps container.”
What does the term osteoporosis mean?
答案: B · Very crowded
The details about every chair taken and people standing show that “packed” means very crowded. The other meanings of the word do not fit the context.
答案: C · 2
The patient has taken 6 tablets (3 doses of 2). The limit is 8 in 24 hours, so 2 more may be taken, at midnight at the earliest.
答案: M = 18
平均数、中位数、众数和极差:平均数是各值之和除以值的个数。中位数是把各值按顺序排列后位于中间的值;个数为偶数时,它是中间两个值的平均数。众数是出现次数最多的值。极差是最大值减去最小值。
答案: x = 27
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: D · C5 至 T1
臂丛由 C5、C6、C7、C8 和 T1 的前支组成,发出上肢的主要神经。
答案: C · 前交叉韧带、内侧副韧带和内侧半月板
外翻力加旋转会撕裂内侧副韧带、前交叉韧带以及与内侧副韧带紧密相连的内侧半月板。
答案: A · 黄体生成素(LH)峰
优势卵泡分泌的雌激素不断升高,触发腺垂体释放 LH 峰,约一天后引起排卵。
答案: A · 内因子丧失,因此维生素 B12 不能被吸收
壁细胞分泌内因子,它是回肠末端吸收 B12 所必需的。B12 缺乏会损害 DNA 合成,引起巨幼细胞贫血。
答案: D · Positive feedback
In positive feedback the response increases the original stimulus, so the change builds up until an endpoint, here the birth of the baby. Negative feedback would reduce the change instead.
答案: D · Plasmolysis
Plasmolysis is the shrinking of the cytoplasm away from the wall of a plant cell as water leaves by osmosis. Crenation is the shrinking of an animal cell, lysis is bursting, and turgor is the pressure of a full cell.
答案: D · More product keeps forming as the equilibrium shifts to the right
Removing product lowers its concentration, so the system shifts forward (to the right) to replace it. Industry uses this to raise yields.
答案: D · Chlorine
2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 5 = 17 electrons, so the atomic number is 17: chlorine. Its 7 electrons in the third shell (3s² 3p⁵) place it in group 17.
答案: C · She reminded herself to drink water.
“Herself” refers back to the subject “she”. In the other sentences there is no matching subject, so “me” or “I” is needed instead of “myself”.
答案: D · Getting enough sleep helps students learn and remember new material.
A clearly states the main idea that the rest of the paragraph can support. B and C are off topic, and D is vague.
答案: B · Made unclean by germs or harmful matter
Contaminated means made impure by contact with something harmful, such as blood or germs.
答案: D · A condition of porous, weakened bones
Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones lose density and become porous and fragile.
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