阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“Of all the jobs on the farm, Leo liked feeding the calves best. He even woke up early on weekends to feed them.” Which detail supports the idea that Leo enjoys feeding the calves?
Train timetable: trains leave Oak Street at 6:10, 6:40, 7:10 and 7:40 a.m. The journey to Central takes 35 minutes. A nurse’s shift at Central Hospital starts at 7:30 a.m., and it is a 5-minute walk from the station. Which is the latest train she can take and still arrive on time?
一双鞋标价 $215.50。现在打 30% 的折扣,并在折后价上加 10% 的销售税。最终价格 P 是多少?四舍五入到分。
你前 3 次考试的分数是 84, 79, 91。下一次考试要得多少分 x,才能使全部 4 次考试的平均分恰好为 87?
成人脊柱的哪两个区段通常呈前凸(弯曲凹面朝向后方)?
难产时颈部受到牵拉,婴儿的手臂垂在身旁,呈内旋、前臂旋前(“侍者索小费”姿势)。臂丛的哪一部分受损?
醛固酮对肾脏的主要作用是什么?
在肾素–血管紧张素–醛固酮系统中,血管紧张素 I 主要在哪里转化为血管紧张素 II?
By which process does oxygen enter a cell and carbon dioxide leave it?
A new infectious agent passes through filters that trap bacteria, does not grow on nutrient agar and multiplies only inside living cells. What is it most likely to be?
AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃ 是哪种类型的反应?
At room temperature chlorine (Cl₂) is a gas, bromine (Br₂) is a liquid and iodine (I₂) is a solid. What best explains this trend?
Which salutation is punctuated correctly for a formal business letter in American style?
Which sentence has correct parallel structure in a comparison?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Patient safety is paramount.”
What does the term nocturia mean?
答案: D · He even woke up early on weekends to feed them.
Getting up early on weekends by choice shows that Leo enjoys the job. The other details do not show how he feels.
答案: A · The 6:40 train
The 6:40 train arrives at 7:15, plus a 5-minute walk gives 7:20, in time. The 7:10 train would arrive at 7:45, plus 5 minutes is 7:50, too late.
答案: P = 165.9 $
折扣与销售税:d% 的折扣后剩下价格的 (100 − d)%;t% 的税是在折后价上再加 t%。按这个顺序计算:价格 × (1 − d/100),然后 × (1 + t/100)。金额只在最后四舍五入到分。
答案: x = 94
平均数、中位数、众数和极差:平均数是各值之和除以值的个数。中位数是把各值按顺序排列后位于中间的值;个数为偶数时,它是中间两个值的平均数。众数是出现次数最多的值。极差是最大值减去最小值。
答案: C · 颈段和腰段
颈段和腰段呈前凸(继发弯曲)。胸段和骶段呈后凸(原发弯曲)。
答案: C · 上干(C5–C6)
埃尔布麻痹由上干(C5–C6)受牵拉引起,使三角肌、外旋肌和肱二头肌瘫痪。下干损伤(克隆普克麻痹)则累及手部小肌肉。
答案: D · 在远端肾单位促进钠重吸收和钾分泌
醛固酮作用于远端小管和集合管,增加 Na⁺ 重吸收和 K⁺ 分泌。水随钠一起被重吸收,使血容量增加。
答案: D · 肺
肾素(肾)把血管紧张素原(肝)裂解为血管紧张素 I,ACE(主要在肺毛细血管内皮上)再将其转化为血管紧张素 II。
答案: C · Simple diffusion through the lipid bilayer
O₂ and CO₂ are small, nonpolar molecules that pass directly through the lipid bilayer from high to low concentration. No carrier protein and no energy are needed.
答案: A · A virus
Viruses are much smaller than bacteria, so they pass through bacterial filters. They cannot grow on non-living media because they need a host cell's machinery to reproduce.
答案: A · 复分解反应
阳离子和阴离子交换搭档:AB + CD → AD + CB。这里不溶的 AgCl 形成沉淀。
答案: D · Larger molecules with more electrons have stronger dispersion forces
Going down group 17 the molecules get bigger with more electrons, so temporary dipoles are larger and dispersion forces stronger. More energy is needed to separate the molecules, raising melting and boiling points.
答案: D · Dear Dr. Smith:
In American business letters a colon follows the salutation, and a comma is used in friendly letters. British letters normally use a comma or no mark (“Dear Dr Smith,”).
答案: A · Reading the chart is easier than guessing the dose.
In A both sides of the comparison are gerund phrases (reading, guessing). The other choices mix gerunds, infinitives and nouns.
答案: A · Most important
Paramount means more important than anything else.
答案: D · Waking at night to pass urine
Nocturia is the need to wake up at night to pass urine.
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