阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
The patient education leaflet says: “Check your blood sugar before meals and at bedtime. Write each reading in your logbook and bring the logbook to every appointment.” Why does the leaflet ask patients to bring the logbook to appointments?
A study reported that students who slept at least eight hours scored higher on tests than those who slept less. The study included 5000 students from many schools and controlled for age and family income. Why does the author mention the size of the study and the controls?
一双鞋标价 $142.00。现在打 20% 的折扣,并在折后价上加 10% 的销售税。最终价格 P 是多少?四舍五入到分。
哪个最简分数或带分数等于小数 4.15?点击它。
哪类血管把含氧血从肺运回心脏?
难产时颈部受到牵拉,婴儿的手臂垂在身旁,呈内旋、前臂旋前(“侍者索小费”姿势)。臂丛的哪一部分受损?
肺活量是哪些肺容积之和?
肺功能检查显示 FEV1 和 FVC 都降低,而 FEV1/FVC 比值正常或升高。这是什么模式?
What does Mendel's law of segregation state?
A new infectious agent passes through filters that trap bacteria, does not grow on nutrient agar and multiplies only inside living cells. What is it most likely to be?
关于同一族的元素,下列哪项说法正确?
Hydrogen is usually placed at the top of group 1. Which statement about hydrogen is correct?
Choose the correct word: “The team ___ won every game this season.”
Which phrase shows something that belongs to the whole Jones family?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Patient safety is paramount.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient with type 1 diabetes needs exogenous insulin.”
答案: A · So the care team can review the readings
Bringing the logbook lets the care team look at the pattern of readings and adjust the care. This is an inference from the instructions.
答案: A · To show the results are more trustworthy
A large sample and controls for other factors make the result more reliable. They do not prove sleep is the only cause.
答案: P = 125 $
折扣与销售税:d% 的折扣后剩下价格的 (100 − d)%;t% 的税是在折后价上再加 t%。按这个顺序计算:价格 × (1 − d/100),然后 × (1 + t/100)。金额只在最后四舍五入到分。
答案: 4 3/20
分数、小数和百分数是书写同一个数的三种方式。分数 → 小数:分子除以分母。小数 → 百分数:乘以 100(小数点右移两位)。百分数 → 小数:除以 100。小数 → 分数:把数字写在 10、100 或 1000 上(每一位小数一个零)再约分。
答案: D · 肺静脉
四条肺静脉把含氧血注入左心房。它们是“静脉运送缺氧血”这一规律的主要例外。
答案: A · 上干(C5–C6)
埃尔布麻痹由上干(C5–C6)受牵拉引起,使三角肌、外旋肌和肱二头肌瘫痪。下干损伤(克隆普克麻痹)则累及手部小肌肉。
答案: A · 潮气量、补吸气量和补呼气量
肺活量 = IRV + TV + ERV。它不包括始终留在肺内的残气量。
答案: D · 限制性模式,如肺纤维化
在限制性疾病中,肺变小或变硬,因此 FEV1 和 FVC 都下降,但比值得以保持。阻塞时 FEV1 的下降多于 FVC。
答案: C · The two alleles of a gene separate so each gamete gets only one
During meiosis the two alleles of each gene separate, so each gamete carries one allele. At fertilisation, the offspring receives one allele from each parent.
答案: A · A virus
Viruses are much smaller than bacteria, so they pass through bacterial filters. They cannot grow on non-living media because they need a host cell's machinery to reproduce.
答案: A · 它们的价电子数相同,化学性质相似
同族元素最外层电子数相同,因此反应方式相似。同一周期的元素则电子层数相同。
答案: B · It has one valence electron like group 1 metals, but it is a nonmetal gas
Hydrogen has one electron, which explains its position in group 1, but it is a nonmetal gas (H₂) that usually forms covalent bonds, as in H₂O and CH₄. It is not an alkali metal.
答案: D · has
“The team” acts as a single group here, so it takes the singular verb “has”.
答案: D · the Joneses’ house
The plural is “Joneses”. Because it ends in s, the plural possessive adds only an apostrophe: the Joneses’ house.
答案: C · Most important
Paramount means more important than anything else.
答案: D · Coming from outside the body
Exogenous means originating outside the body; endogenous means produced inside it.
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