阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“The whale is the largest animal on Earth. Some blue whales are longer than two buses parked end to end.” Why does the author compare whales to buses?
A shift schedule shows: Nurse A works Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Nurse B works Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Nurse C works Monday, Thursday and Saturday. On which day do Nurse A and Nurse B work together?
一个书架高 8 ft 6 in。那是多少英寸 x?
3 个连续偶数的和是 120。 其中最大的是多少 x?
人体最大的神经是哪条?
卒中后,患者说话流利,但用词毫无意义,且不能理解别人说话。病变最可能在哪里?
心电图上的 QRS 波群代表什么?
为什么吸入 100% 氧气只能很差地纠正真正的右向左分流引起的低氧血症?
The results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis. What should the scientist do next?
Why do phospholipids arrange themselves into a double layer in water?
How does a catalyst speed up a reaction?
Making ammonia (N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃) is exothermic. A low temperature would give a higher yield, yet factories use a moderately high temperature. Why?
Which number is written correctly in words?
Which spelling is correct for the word that means “upkeep”?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Apply the topical cream to the rash twice a day.”
Which word means “absence of menstrual periods”?
答案: D · To help readers picture the whale’s great size
Comparing a blue whale with two buses gives readers a familiar picture of its great length.
答案: D · Wednesday
Nurse A works Mon, Wed, Fri and Nurse B works Tue, Wed, Thu. The only shared day is Wednesday.
答案: x = 102 in
单位换算:乘以一个等于 1 的因子,写成能约去旧单位的形式:3 ft × 12 in/1 ft = 36 in。公制长度:1 km = 1000 m,1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm,1 cm = 10 mm。美制:1 ft = 12 in,1 yd = 3 ft,1 mi = 5280 ft;1 gal = 4 qt,1 qt = 2 pt,1 pt = 2 cups;1 ton = 2000 lb。时间:1 h = 60 min,1 min = 60 s,1 day = 24 h,1 week = 7 days。单位越小,数值越大。
答案: x = 42
应用题:给未知数命名(例如 x = 月数),把已知事实写成一个方程,解出它,并检查答案在题目情境中是否合理。固定费用加上每单位的费率,得到总额 = 费用 + 费率 × 单位数。
答案: D · 坐骨神经
坐骨神经(L4–S3)经坐骨大孔出骨盆,支配腘绳肌以及膝以下的全部肌肉。小腿内侧的皮肤则由隐神经支配。
答案: A · 优势半球颞上回后部
这是韦尼克失语(感受性失语),由颞上回后部的韦尼克区受损引起。额下回的布洛卡区受损则引起非流利性失语。
答案: C · 心室去极化
P 波是心房去极化,QRS 波群是心室去极化,T 波是心室复极化。心房复极化被掩盖在 QRS 中。
答案: D · 分流的血液从未接触肺泡气
分流的血液绕过有通气的肺泡,把脱氧血混入动脉血中。与 V/Q 失调或通气不足不同,额外吸入的氧气无法到达这部分血液。
答案: C · Revise the hypothesis and test it again
Results that do not support a hypothesis are reported honestly. The scientist then revises the hypothesis or forms a new one and designs further tests.
答案: D · Their heads are hydrophilic and their tails are hydrophobic
The phosphate heads are attracted to water, while the fatty acid tails avoid it. In water they form a bilayer with the heads facing the watery fluid on both sides and the tails hidden in the middle.
答案: A · It provides a different pathway with a lower activation energy
A catalyst offers an alternative route with a lower activation energy, so more collisions succeed. It does not change the energy of reactants or products and is not used up.
答案: A · At low temperatures the reaction is too slow to be useful
Lowering the temperature favours ammonia at equilibrium, but makes the reaction very slow. A compromise temperature with an iron catalyst gives an acceptable yield quickly. High pressure is also used to favour ammonia.
答案: A · forty-two
Compound numbers from twenty-one to ninety-nine are hyphenated. “Forty” drops the u found in “four”.
答案: B · maintenance
“Maintenance” drops the “ai” of “maintain”: main-ten-ance.
答案: D · Applied to the surface of the body
A topical medication is applied directly to the skin or another body surface.
答案: A · Amenorrhoea
Amenorrhoea (US: amenorrhea) is absence of menstruation; dysmenorrhoea is painful periods, menorrhagia is heavy bleeding and metrorrhagia is bleeding between periods.
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