阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“I can’t believe they cancelled the concert again,” Mia sighed, throwing the tickets on the table. “That’s the third time this year.” What is Mia’s tone?
“Ever since the storm, Mr. Novak checked the sky every morning and kept a torch (flashlight) and a radio by the door.” What does this suggest about Mr. Novak?
一个食谱做 3 批松饼要用 4.5 杯面粉。按同样的比例,做 11 批需要多少杯面粉 x?
一位母亲的年龄比她儿子年龄的 4 倍还大 1 岁。他们的年龄加起来是 36 岁。儿子多大 x?
肘前哪条浅静脉最常用于静脉穿刺?
头部侧面翼点处受到打击,导致硬膜外血肿。通常撕裂的是哪条血管?
平均动脉压约等于:
为什么一氧化碳中毒的患者 PaO₂ 可以正常,却有严重的组织缺氧?
In a pedigree, a trait appears in every generation, and every affected child has at least one affected parent. Which inheritance pattern is most likely?
At 100× total magnification, the field of view of a microscope is 2 mm wide. What is its width at 400×?
下列哪项描述的是强酸?
氯有两种常见同位素:氯-35(约 75%)和氯-37(约 25%)。它的平均原子质量是多少?
Choose the correct word: “The school’s ___ announced a new policy.”
Choose the correct verb: “Neither the nurses nor the doctor ___ aware of the change.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The footballer had a large contusion on his thigh.”
Choose the word that best completes the sentence: “Because her condition was ___, the nurse checked her every 15 minutes.”
答案: C · Frustrated
Sighing, throwing the tickets and noting it is the third cancellation show frustration.
答案: D · The storm made him more cautious.
Checking the sky and keeping emergency items ready since the storm suggests the experience made him more careful and prepared.
答案: x = 16.5 杯
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
答案: x = 7 年
应用题:给未知数命名(例如 x = 月数),把已知事实写成一个方程,解出它,并检查答案在题目情境中是否合理。固定费用加上每单位的费率,得到总额 = 费用 + 费率 × 单位数。
答案: C · 肘正中静脉
肘正中静脉在头静脉和贵要静脉之间斜穿肘窝。它位置表浅、管径大且较固定,因此容易穿刺。
答案: A · 脑膜中动脉
脑膜中动脉位于翼点下方,那里的颅骨很薄。它破裂后在颅骨与硬脑膜之间出血。桥静脉破裂则引起硬膜下血肿。
答案: D · 心输出量 × 总外周阻力
压力 = 流量 × 阻力,所以 MAP ≈ CO × TPR。心输出量或血管阻力的任何变化都会改变血压。
答案: B · CO 占据了血红蛋白的结合位点,因此氧含量下降
CO 与血红蛋白的结合比氧强得多,并使解离曲线左移。溶解的 O₂(PaO₂)正常,但总氧含量和向组织释放的氧急剧下降。
答案: D · Autosomal dominant
A dominant trait needs only one allele to show, so it usually appears in every generation and affected people have an affected parent. Recessive traits can appear in children of two unaffected carriers.
答案: B · 0.5 mm
Magnification increases 4 times (100× to 400×), so the field of view becomes 4 times narrower: 2 mm ÷ 4 = 0.5 mm.
答案: A · 它在水中完全电离
HCl 等强酸在水中完全电离。乙酸等弱酸只部分电离。酸的强度不同于浓度。
答案: D · 约 35.5
0.75 × 35 + 0.25 × 37 = 26.25 + 9.25 = 35.5。直接取 35 和 37 的平均值(36)忽略了丰度。
答案: C · principal
“Principal” is the head of a school (or “main”). A “principle” is a rule or belief.
答案: C · was
When subjects are joined by “or” or “nor”, the verb agrees with the nearer subject. “Doctor” is singular, so the verb is “was”.
答案: C · A bruise
A contusion is a bruise caused by a blow that damages small blood vessels under the skin.
答案: A · precarious
Precarious means uncertain and dangerous. A stable, trivial or resolved condition would not need such close monitoring.
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