阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
Hand sanitiser is useful when soap and water are not available. Still, washing with soap and water is better when hands are visibly dirty, because sanitiser does not remove dirt and grease well. What can you infer from the passage?
The author writes: “Hospitals should serve less sugary food. Some will say patients deserve treats, and that is fair. But a hospital should model the healthy habits it recommends.” How does the author handle the opposing view?
一双鞋标价 $69.00。现在打 20% 的折扣,并在折后价上加 8% 的销售税。最终价格 P 是多少?四舍五入到分。
解出 x:3(x − 6) = 5x − 2。
哪对脑神经支配斜方肌和胸锁乳突肌?
腓骨颈处腓总神经损伤通常会导致:
第一心音(S1)是由什么引起的?
髓袢升支粗段中哪种转运体对建立髓质浓度梯度起关键作用?
同源染色体之间的交换(交叉互换)发生在什么时候?
The coding part of an mRNA is 900 bases long, including the start codon and the stop codon. How many amino acids are in the protein?
AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃ 是哪种类型的反应?
A mixture contains sand, salt and water. Which sequence separates all three?
Choose the best transition: “Regular exercise strengthens the heart. ___, it can improve mood.”
What is the function of the underlined phrase? “Exhausted after the long shift, the nurse fell asleep.”
What does the root my/o refer to?
Which word is the opposite of eversion of the foot?
答案: D · Soap and water are the better choice for greasy hands.
If sanitiser does not remove dirt and grease well, soap and water are better for dirty or greasy hands. The passage does not say sanitiser should never be used.
答案: B · Accepts part of it, then argues against it
The author grants that the opposing point has some merit (“that is fair”) but then argues that hospitals should model healthy habits.
答案: P = 59.62 $
折扣与销售税:d% 的折扣后剩下价格的 (100 − d)%;t% 的税是在折后价上再加 t%。按这个顺序计算:价格 × (1 − d/100),然后 × (1 + t/100)。金额只在最后四舍五入到分。
答案: x = −8
解方程:对等式两边做同样的操作,直到 x 单独在一边。按相反的顺序撤销运算:先撤销加法或减法,再撤销乘法或除法。用分配律 a(x + b) = ax + ab 去掉括号,并把含 x 的项合并到一边。把答案代回去检验。
答案: B · 副神经(XI)
副神经(XI)支配胸锁乳突肌和斜方肌。损伤会使转头和耸肩无力。
答案: D · 足下垂
腓总神经支配足背屈肌和外翻肌。腓骨颈处损伤导致足下垂和跨阈步态。足底由胫神经支配。
答案: A · 二尖瓣和三尖瓣关闭
S1("lub")由收缩期开始时房室瓣关闭引起。S2("dub")是半月瓣关闭。
答案: A · Na⁺–K⁺–2Cl⁻ 同向转运体(NKCC2)
NKCC2 把 Na⁺、K⁺ 和 Cl⁻ 从小管转运到间质中而不带走水,从而建立髓质梯度。呋塞米等袢利尿剂阻断它。
答案: B · 减数分裂的前期 I
前期 I 时,同源染色体配对并交换片段。这种交叉互换在配子中产生新的等位基因组合。
答案: D · 299
900 ÷ 3 = 300 codons. The start codon (AUG) codes for methionine, but the stop codon codes for no amino acid, so the protein has 299 amino acids.
答案: A · 复分解反应
阳离子和阴离子交换搭档:AB + CD → AD + CB。这里不溶的 AgCl 形成沉淀。
答案: C · Filter to remove the sand, then distil the filtrate to collect water and leave salt
Filtration removes the insoluble sand. The filtrate is salt water; distilling it collects pure water in the condenser and leaves the salt behind. Evaporation alone would recover salt but lose the water.
答案: A · In addition
“In addition” adds a related point. “However” and “instead” show contrast, and “otherwise” shows a consequence.
答案: B · A participial phrase describing “the nurse”
“Exhausted after the long shift” is a participial phrase that acts as an adjective and modifies “the nurse”, which comes right after the comma.
答案: C · Muscle
My/o means muscle: myocardium is heart muscle and myalgia muscle pain.
答案: A · Inversion
Eversion turns the sole of the foot outward and inversion turns it inward, toward the midline.
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