阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“Turn the oven off, then let the cake cool in the tin for ten minutes. After that, turn it out onto a wire rack to cool completely before icing.” What should be done just before the cake is iced?
“Maya had moved schools four times in six years. On her first day at the new school, she didn’t unpack her locker. ‘No point,’ she told herself.” Why most likely did Maya not unpack?
把 9.5 km 换算成厘米 x。
一个食谱做 3 批松饼要用 0.75 杯面粉。按同样的比例,做 14 批需要多少杯面粉 x?
左心房和左心室之间是哪个瓣膜?
患者仅用右腿站立时,骨盆左侧下降(特伦德伦堡征阳性)。最可能损伤的是哪条神经?
心电图上的 QRS 波群代表什么?
原发性甲状腺功能减退的患者,你会预期:
An organism is multicellular, makes its own food by photosynthesis and has cell walls of cellulose. Which kingdom does it belong to?
Bacteria from hot springs have enzymes that work best at about 80 °C, while most human enzymes work best near 37 °C. What is the best explanation?
When mercury(II) oxide is heated, it reacts as 2HgO → 2Hg + O₂. What type of reaction is this?
Carbon-14 (atomic number 6) decays by emitting a beta particle. What does it become?
Choose the correct word form: “The nurse spoke with great ___.”
Which choice correctly completes the sentence? “The results, along with the report, ___ ready.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse noted pallor of the patient’s face and lips.”
What does the term osteoarthritis mean?
答案: C · Let it cool completely on a wire rack.
The cake must cool completely on a wire rack before it is iced. The ten minutes in the tin come earlier.
答案: A · She expected to move again before long.
After moving four times in six years, Maya probably expects to move again soon, so unpacking seems pointless to her.
答案: x = 950000 cm
单位换算:乘以一个等于 1 的因子,写成能约去旧单位的形式:3 ft × 12 in/1 ft = 36 in。公制长度:1 km = 1000 m,1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm,1 cm = 10 mm。美制:1 ft = 12 in,1 yd = 3 ft,1 mi = 5280 ft;1 gal = 4 qt,1 qt = 2 pt,1 pt = 2 cups;1 ton = 2000 lb。时间:1 h = 60 min,1 min = 60 s,1 day = 24 h,1 week = 7 days。单位越小,数值越大。
答案: x = 3.5 杯
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
答案: B · 二尖瓣
二尖瓣分隔左心房和左心室;右侧由三尖瓣起同样作用。
答案: B · 右侧臀上神经
臀上神经支配臀中肌和臀小肌。如果支撑腿(右腿)的这两块肌肉无力,骨盆就会在对侧无支撑的一边下沉。
答案: A · 心室去极化
P 波是心房去极化,QRS 波群是心室去极化,T 波是心室复极化。心房复极化被掩盖在 QRS 中。
答案: A · TSH 高,游离 T4 低
甲状腺衰竭时,低 T4 解除负反馈,垂体分泌更多 TSH。若 TSH 低且 T4 低,则提示继发性(垂体性)甲减。
答案: C · Plants
Multicellular organisms that photosynthesise and have cellulose walls are plants. Fungi absorb food and have chitin walls, animals have no walls and bacteria are prokaryotes.
答案: C · Their enzymes have structures that stay stable at high temperatures
Each enzyme's optimum suits its environment. Enzymes from heat-loving microbes have extra bonds and interactions that keep their shape at high temperatures. One such enzyme is used in PCR.
答案: D · Decomposition
A single compound, mercury(II) oxide, breaks down into two simpler substances, mercury and oxygen. One reactant giving several products is a decomposition reaction.
答案: A · Nitrogen-14
Beta decay changes a neutron into a proton, so the atomic number goes from 6 to 7 (nitrogen) while the mass number stays 14. ¹⁴C → ¹⁴N + β⁻.
答案: A · confidence
“Confidence” is a noun and can follow the adjective “great”. “Confident” is an adjective, “confidently” an adverb and “confide” a verb.
答案: C · are
Phrases like “along with”, “as well as” and “together with” do not change the subject. The subject “results” is plural, so the verb is “are”.
答案: A · Unusual paleness
Pallor is an unusual paleness of the skin, often seen with anaemia or shock.
答案: B · A condition of the bones and joints with joint inflammation
Oste/o (bone) + arthr/o (joint) + -itis (inflammation). It is a degenerative disease of the joints and the bone beneath the cartilage.
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