阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“Mary Seacole was a Jamaican-born nurse who travelled to the Crimean War at her own expense. There she ran a hotel near the battlefield where she cared for sick and injured soldiers.” What does “at her own expense” mean?
The author writes: “Most people in my office prefer tea to coffee. Therefore, tea is the most popular drink in the country.” What is the main flaw?
不用计算器计算 x = 1.375 ÷ 0.55。给出精确值。
一个食谱做 2 批松饼要用 1.5 杯面粉。按同样的比例,做 20 批需要多少杯面粉 x?
哪块腕骨最常发生骨折,典型情况是摔倒时手掌撑地?
难产时颈部受到牵拉,婴儿的手臂垂在身旁,呈内旋、前臂旋前(“侍者索小费”姿势)。臂丛的哪一部分受损?
胰高血糖素如何升高血糖?
在 Graves 病中,预期的甲状腺功能结果是什么?为什么?
What happens to an enzyme after it has catalysed a reaction?
A cube-shaped cell has sides of 2 µm. What is its surface area-to-volume ratio?
Nitrogen is in group 15 of the periodic table. How many valence electrons does a nitrogen atom have?
When water boils, what is overcome?
Choose the correct preposition: “The nurse is responsible ___ the medication cart.”
Which source is generally the most reliable for a research paper on diabetes?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Smoking can exacerbate asthma.”
What does the term tachycardia mean?
答案: C · She paid the costs of the trip herself.
“At her own expense” means she paid the costs herself rather than being funded by someone else.
答案: C · One office may not represent the country.
The author draws a national conclusion from one office. A small, unrepresentative sample cannot show what the whole country prefers.
答案: x = 2.5
小数:加减时,把小数点对齐。乘法时,按整数相乘,积的小数位数等于两个因数小数位数之和。除以小数时,把两个数的小数点同时向右移动相同的位数,直到除数变成整数。
把两个数都乘以 100,使除数变成整数。
答案: x = 15 杯
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
答案: B · 手舟骨
手舟骨是最常骨折的腕骨。解剖学鼻烟窝压痛是一个关键的临床体征。
答案: B · 上干(C5–C6)
埃尔布麻痹由上干(C5–C6)受牵拉引起,使三角肌、外旋肌和肱二头肌瘫痪。下干损伤(克隆普克麻痹)则累及手部小肌肉。
答案: A · 刺激肝脏的糖原分解和糖异生
由 α 细胞分泌的胰高血糖素作用于肝脏,促进糖原分解,并由非糖物质生成新的葡萄糖。
答案: B · T4 高、TSH 低,因为抗体刺激 TSH 受体
TSH 受体抗体不依赖 TSH 而刺激甲状腺。由此产生的高 T4 和 T3 通过负反馈抑制垂体 TSH。
答案: C · It is released unchanged and can be used again
Enzymes are catalysts. The product leaves the active site, and the enzyme is free to bind another substrate molecule, so a small amount of enzyme can act on many molecules.
答案: C · 3 : 1
Surface area = 6 × 2² = 24 µm² and volume = 2³ = 8 µm³, so the ratio is 24 : 8 = 3 : 1. A 1 µm cube has a ratio of 6 : 1, which shows that the ratio falls as a cell grows.
答案: B · 5
Group 15 elements have 5 valence electrons (nitrogen: 2, 5). Nitrogen usually gains or shares 3 electrons to complete its outer shell.
答案: D · Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Boiling is a physical change: molecules separate from each other, but each H₂O molecule stays intact. Only the intermolecular attractions (mainly hydrogen bonds) are overcome, not the covalent bonds within molecules.
答案: C · for
The fixed expression is “responsible for” something. “Responsible to” is used for the person you report to.
答案: D · A peer-reviewed medical journal article
Peer-reviewed articles are checked by experts before publication. Anonymous posts, sales blogs and advertisements may be biased or unverified.
答案: C · Make worse
To exacerbate is to make a problem or symptom more severe.
答案: C · A fast heart rate
Tachy- (fast) + cardi/o (heart): a heart rate above the normal range. A slow rate is bradycardia.
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