阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“When the fire alarm sounded, the teacher calmly led the children down the stairs, counted them at the meeting point and reported that everyone was safe.” Which word best describes the teacher’s actions?
A pamphlet states: “Our vitamin drink is used by top athletes. Join the winners — drink VitaMax!” Which technique does the pamphlet mainly use to persuade?
计算 1 1/3 ÷ 1 3/4。点击最简形式的答案。
一个圆柱的半径为 3 m,高为 19 m。取 π ≈ 3.14,求它的体积 V。
脑干的哪一部分含有主要的心血管中枢和呼吸中枢?
L4 与 L5 之间典型的后外侧椎间盘突出最常压迫哪条神经根?
在骨骼肌中,收缩所需的大部分钙来自哪里?
心室不与心房同时收缩的主要原因是什么?
Why does ice float on liquid water?
A scientist wants to show that a particular microbe causes a disease. According to Koch's postulates, which step is needed?
Which is larger, a sodium atom (Na) or a sodium ion (Na⁺)?
Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵?
Which sentence punctuates the date correctly in American style?
Which sentence correctly uses an appositive?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The supply room is adjacent to the nurses’ station.”
Choose the word that best completes the sentence: “After the stroke, the patient’s speech was ___, with words running into each other.”
答案: B · Organised
Calmly leading the class, counting the children and reporting shows the teacher acted in an organised way.
答案: A · Linking the product to admired people
The pamphlet tries to persuade by connecting the drink with top athletes and “winners” (an appeal to admired people), not by giving evidence.
答案: 16/21
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: V = 536.9 m³
周长、面积和体积:周长是围绕图形一周的长度(长方形:2l + 2w)。面积以平方单位计量:长方形 l × w,三角形 ½ × 底 × 高,圆 π·r²。圆的周长是 π·d = 2π·r。体积以立方单位计量:长方体 l × w × h,圆柱 π·r²·h。使用题目给出的 π 值。
答案: D · 延髓
延髓含有调节心率、血压和呼吸节律的生命中枢。
答案: B · L5
L4–L5 后外侧突出通常压迫下行经过的 L5 神经根,导致拇趾背伸无力和足背麻木。
答案: A · 肌质网
T 管去极化打开肌质网上的雷诺丁受体,把储存的钙释放到细胞质中。
答案: A · 房室结处传导延迟
房室结传导缓慢(约 0.1 s 延迟),因此心房收缩能在心室去极化开始前完成心室充盈。
答案: A · Hydrogen bonds hold ice in an open, less dense structure
When water freezes, hydrogen bonds lock the molecules into an open lattice, which is less dense than liquid water. Floating ice insulates the water beneath, so aquatic life can survive winter.
答案: C · The microbe grown from a sick host must cause the disease in a healthy host
Koch's postulates require the microbe to be found in sick hosts, grown in pure culture, cause the same disease when given to a healthy host, and be recovered again from that host.
答案: C · The sodium atom
When Na loses its single outer electron, the whole third shell is empty, so Na⁺ (2, 8) is much smaller than Na (2, 8, 1). Positive ions are smaller than their atoms.
答案: B · Chlorine
2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 5 = 17 electrons, so the atomic number is 17: chlorine. Its 7 electrons in the third shell (3s² 3p⁵) place it in group 17.
答案: D · The clinic opened on June 4, 2019, in a small town.
In American style a comma separates the day from the year, and a second comma follows the year when the sentence continues. British style usually writes 4 June 2019, with no commas.
答案: C · Dr. Lee, our family physician, retired last year.
“Our family physician” renames Dr. Lee and adds extra information, so it needs a comma before and after it.
答案: C · Next to
Adjacent means next to or adjoining something.
答案: D · slurred
Slurred speech is indistinct speech in which sounds run together, often caused by weak muscles after a stroke.
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