阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“I watched as Mrs. Grey slowly climbed the steps, stopping on each one to catch her breath. ‘She’s getting older,’ I thought sadly.” From which point of view is the story told?
A clinic policy reads: “Patients more than 15 minutes late may be asked to rebook. Patients who call ahead to say they are running late will be seen if time allows.” A patient arrives 20 minutes late without calling. What is most likely to happen?
一双鞋标价 $45.25。现在打 25% 的折扣,并在折后价上加 6% 的销售税。最终价格 P 是多少?四舍五入到分。
在一门课程中,作业占成绩的 20%,期中考试占 30%,期末考试占 50%。一名学生作业得 97%,期中得 75%,期末得 72%。这门课程的成绩 G 是多少? 保留一位小数。
脑膜的最外层是哪一层?
为什么发炎的胆囊刺激膈肌时会引起右肩尖部疼痛?
肺活量是哪些肺容积之和?
在恶性贫血中,胃壁细胞的自身免疫性破坏导致贫血,是因为:
Why does ice float on liquid water?
PCR starts with one double-stranded DNA molecule, and the number of copies doubles each cycle. How many copies are there after 10 cycles?
Glucose has the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆. What is its empirical formula?
将 2 mol H₂ 和 2 mol O₂ 混合,按 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O 反应。哪种反应物是限量试剂?
Choose the correct pronoun: “Each of the girls brought ___ own lunch.”
A student is writing a brochure for patients with no medical training. Which sentence is most appropriate?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Follow the correct sequence when putting on protective equipment.”
What does the term cyanosis mean?
答案: D · First person, by a narrator who observes
The narrator uses “I” and shares their own thoughts while watching Mrs. Grey, so it is first person told by an observer. We never get Mrs. Grey’s own thoughts.
答案: D · The patient may be asked to book another time.
The patient is more than 15 minutes late and did not call ahead, so the first rule applies: they may be asked to rebook. No fine or cancellation is mentioned.
答案: P = 35.98 $
折扣与销售税:d% 的折扣后剩下价格的 (100 − d)%;t% 的税是在折后价上再加 t%。按这个顺序计算:价格 × (1 − d/100),然后 × (1 + t/100)。金额只在最后四舍五入到分。
答案: G = 77.9 %
加权平均:当各部分所占的百分比不同时,把每个分数乘以它的权重(用小数表示)再相加。只有当每个部分的权重相同时,对分数直接取平均才是对的。
答案: B · 硬脑膜
脑膜由外向内依次为硬脑膜、蛛网膜和软脑膜。脑脊液在蛛网膜与软脑膜之间的蛛网膜下腔内流动。
答案: A · 膈神经与肩部皮肤共用 C3–C5 脊髓节段
膈肌受刺激的信号由膈神经(C3–C5)传导。大脑把它牵涉到由相同节段支配、经锁骨上神经分布于肩部的皮肤。
答案: B · 潮气量、补吸气量和补呼气量
肺活量 = IRV + TV + ERV。它不包括始终留在肺内的残气量。
答案: C · 内因子丧失,因此维生素 B12 不能被吸收
壁细胞分泌内因子,它是回肠末端吸收 B12 所必需的。B12 缺乏会损害 DNA 合成,引起巨幼细胞贫血。
答案: B · Hydrogen bonds hold ice in an open, less dense structure
When water freezes, hydrogen bonds lock the molecules into an open lattice, which is less dense than liquid water. Floating ice insulates the water beneath, so aquatic life can survive winter.
答案: B · 1024
The number of copies is 2ⁿ after n cycles, so 2¹⁰ = 1024. After about 30 cycles, a single molecule gives over a billion copies.
答案: B · CH₂O
Dividing 6, 12 and 6 by 6 gives 1 : 2 : 1, so the empirical formula is CH₂O. C₂H₄O₂ has the right ratio but is not the simplest.
答案: B · 氢气,因为 2 mol H₂ 只用掉 1 mol O₂
2 mol H₂ 只需要 1 mol O₂,所以剩下 1 mol O₂。氢气最先用完,限制了水的生成量(2 mol)。
答案: C · her
“Each” is singular and refers to girls, so the singular possessive “her” agrees with it. “Hers” stands alone and cannot come before a noun.
答案: C · Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries.
A uses plain, accurate language suited to a general audience. B and D use technical jargon, and C is too casual and inaccurate.
答案: A · Order
A sequence is the order in which things happen or are done.
答案: A · A bluish colour of the skin
Cyan/o means blue and -osis means condition. Cyanosis is bluish skin from low oxygen. Yellow skin is jaundice.
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