阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“City Park has a lake, tennis courts and a café. River Park has walking trails and a lake but no café.” What do both parks have?
“When the power went out, Grandpa calmly lit the candles, found the radio and told us stories about storms from his childhood.” Which word best describes Grandpa?
一位跑步者记录了 6 天里的跑步距离(单位:千米):28, 11, 8, 36, 11, 27。极差 R 是多少?
表格显示了 2024 年和 2025 年中心 A、B 和 C 的志愿者人数。 2025 年所有志愿者中,有百分之几 p 在中心 A? 取整到最接近的整数。
哪对脑神经支配大部分面部表情肌?
膝关节的哪条韧带防止胫骨相对股骨向前滑移?
典型神经元动作电位的去极化期是哪种离子进入细胞引起的?
肺栓塞阻断了一个通气良好的肺区的血流。该区域的通气/血流(V/Q)比值如何变化?
To insert a human gene into a bacterial plasmid, scientists cut both the gene and the plasmid with the same restriction enzyme. Why?
DNA 模板链的序列为 3'-TACGGA-5'。由它合成的 mRNA 是什么?
Which reacts more vigorously with water, potassium or sodium?
In the fission reaction ²³⁵U + ¹n → ¹⁴¹Ba + ⁹²Kr + ? ¹n, how many neutrons are released?
Choose the correct word: “The charge nurse ___ the meeting yesterday.”
Which task belongs to revising rather than editing?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse will help the patient ambulate in the hallway.”
What does the term nephrolithiasis mean?
答案: C · A lake
Both parks have a lake. Only City Park has a café and tennis courts, and only River Park is said to have walking trails.
答案: D · Composed
Calmly lighting candles and telling stories shows he stayed composed (calm and in control) rather than frightened.
答案: R = 28
平均数、中位数、众数和极差:平均数是各值之和除以值的个数。中位数是把各值按顺序排列后位于中间的值;个数为偶数时,它是中间两个值的平均数。众数是出现次数最多的值。极差是最大值减去最小值。
答案: p = 37 %
百分数表示每一百份中的份数:一个数的 p% 等于 (p/100) × 这个数。求 A 是 B 的百分之几,用 A 除以 B 再乘以 100。百分数变化是把变化量与原值比较:百分数变化 =(新值 − 原值)/原值 × 100。
答案: D · 面神经(VII)
面神经(第 VII 对脑神经)支配面部表情肌。损伤会导致面瘫,例如贝尔麻痹。
答案: C · 前交叉韧带
前交叉韧带限制胫骨前移;前抽屉试验或拉赫曼试验阳性提示前交叉韧带撕裂。
答案: C · 钠离子(Na⁺)
电压门控 Na⁺ 通道打开,Na⁺ 内流使膜去极化。随后 K⁺ 外流使膜复极化。
答案: C · 变得非常高,起无效腔的作用
有通气无血流使 V/Q 比值非常高(无效腔)。分流(如肺炎)则相反:有血流无通气。
答案: D · So the cut ends match and can join together
The same enzyme leaves matching sticky ends on the gene and the plasmid. These ends pair by complementary bases, and DNA ligase seals them, making recombinant DNA.
答案: B · 5'-AUGCCU-3'
mRNA 与模板互补且反向平行:T→A,A→U,C→G,G→C,得到 AUG CCU。起始密码子 AUG 编码甲硫氨酸。
答案: B · Potassium, because its outer electron is farther from the nucleus
Potassium is below sodium in group 1. Its outer electron is farther from the nucleus and more shielded, so it is lost more easily and potassium reacts more vigorously.
答案: C · 3
Left side mass number: 235 + 1 = 236. Right side: 141 + 92 = 233, so 3 more mass units are needed: 3 neutrons. These neutrons can trigger further fissions in a chain reaction.
答案: C · led
The past tense of “lead” (to guide) is “led”. “Lead” spelled this way is the present tense or the name of a metal.
答案: C · Reorganising paragraphs so the argument flows logically
Revising improves ideas, structure and clarity, such as moving paragraphs. Editing and proofreading fix spelling, punctuation and capitalisation.
答案: C · Walk
To ambulate is to walk or move about.
答案: A · The presence of kidney stones
Nephrolithiasis is the condition of having stones in the kidney.
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