阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
A footnote at the bottom of a page reads: “1. Data from the National Health Survey, 2022.” What is the purpose of the footnote?
In the sentence “The patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly overnight, so the team moved her to intensive care,” what does “deteriorated” most likely mean?
一双鞋标价 $41.50。现在打 25% 的折扣,并在折后价上加 6% 的销售税。最终价格 P 是多少?四舍五入到分。
计算 2 1/3 × 1 1/2。点击最简形式的答案。
肩袖由冈上肌、冈下肌、小圆肌和哪块肌肉组成?
难产时颈部受到牵拉,婴儿的手臂垂在身旁,呈内旋、前臂旋前(“侍者索小费”姿势)。臂丛的哪一部分受损?
哪个激素事件触发排卵?
肾小球出球小动脉收缩而入球小动脉不变时,往往会:
在脱水缩合反应中发生什么?
Redi placed meat in open jars and in jars covered with gauze. Maggots appeared only on meat that flies could reach. What did this show?
Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) is used for IV fluids. How is it described compared with blood?
In the reaction NaCl(aq) + AgNO₃(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO₃(aq), which ions are spectator ions?
Which sentence uses a colon correctly?
Which sentence uses a pronoun with a clear antecedent?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The pupils dilate in the dark.”
Which term means “pertaining to under the skin”?
答案: D · To show the source of the information
The footnote names where the data came from, so its purpose is to give the source of the information.
答案: D · Became worse
Moving the patient to intensive care suggests her condition became worse.
答案: P = 33 $
折扣与销售税:d% 的折扣后剩下价格的 (100 − d)%;t% 的税是在折后价上再加 t%。按这个顺序计算:价格 × (1 − d/100),然后 × (1 + t/100)。金额只在最后四舍五入到分。
答案: 3 1/2
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: B · 肩胛下肌
SITS:冈上肌、冈下肌、小圆肌(teres minor)和肩胛下肌。大圆肌位置很近,但不属于肩袖。
答案: A · 上干(C5–C6)
埃尔布麻痹由上干(C5–C6)受牵拉引起,使三角肌、外旋肌和肱二头肌瘫痪。下干损伤(克隆普克麻痹)则累及手部小肌肉。
答案: D · 黄体生成素(LH)峰
优势卵泡分泌的雌激素不断升高,触发腺垂体释放 LH 峰,约一天后引起排卵。
答案: C · 升高肾小球毛细血管压和 GFR
出球小动脉收缩把血液留在肾小球中,使其压力和 GFR 升高。血管紧张素 II 就是这样起作用的,这也是 ACE 抑制剂可能降低 GFR 的原因。
答案: B · 两个单体连接,并释放出一个水分子
脱水缩合通过连接单体并释放水来构建聚合物。其逆过程,即用水使聚合物分裂,称为水解。
答案: A · Maggots come from eggs laid by flies, not from the meat itself
Redi's experiment showed that maggots did not arise spontaneously from meat. They appeared only where flies could lay eggs, which was early evidence against spontaneous generation.
答案: B · Isotonic
0.9% NaCl has about the same solute concentration as blood plasma, so it is isotonic. Water moves equally in and out of red blood cells, which keep their normal shape.
答案: D · Na⁺ and NO₃⁻
Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ combine to form the solid precipitate AgCl. Na⁺ and NO₃⁻ stay dissolved before and after, so they are spectators. The net ionic equation is Ag⁺ + Cl⁻ → AgCl.
答案: C · Bring three items: a pen, a notebook and a calculator.
A colon introduces a list after a complete clause. Putting it straight after a verb (“Bring:” or “are:”) splits the sentence.
答案: A · When Ana met Lena, Ana gave her a gift.
In the other sentences “she” could mean Ana or Lena. Repeating the name removes the ambiguity.
答案: C · Become wider
To dilate is to widen or open up; pupils dilate to let in more light.
答案: C · Subcutaneous
Subcutaneous means beneath the skin. Intradermal is within the skin, epidermal the outer skin layer and transcutaneous through the skin.
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