护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What do centrioles do in an animal cell?

1. AThey store the cell's digestive enzymes until they are needed
2. BThey make lipids for the cell membrane
3. CThey help organise the spindle during cell division
4. DThey capture light for photosynthesis

高尔基体的主要工作是什么？

1. A通过细胞呼吸产生 ATP
2. B在细胞分裂前复制 DNA
3. C修饰和包装蛋白质
4. D控制哪些基因被开启

What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

1. AAn organism that has caught a virus
2. BAn organism produced by normal sexual reproduction between two parents
3. CAn organism that has been grown in a greenhouse
4. DAn organism whose DNA has been changed by genetic engineering

What is the main role of inflammation after an injury?

1. ATo make antibodies inside the damaged cells
2. BTo bring more blood and white blood cells to the area
3. CTo destroy the healthy cells around the wound
4. DTo stop all blood flow to the area so that bleeding ends

Yeast in bread dough breaks down sugar without oxygen. What does it produce?

1. AOxygen and water
2. BLactic acid and carbon dioxide
3. CGlucose and oxygen
4. DEthanol and carbon dioxide

What is the job of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?

1. ATo copy the DNA a second time before mitosis
2. BTo join the two daughter cells back together
3. CTo stop the cycle if the DNA is damaged or the cell is not ready
4. DTo speed up division whenever the cell is short of nutrients or space

细菌种群是如何对抗生素产生耐药性的？

1. A患者的免疫系统使细菌产生耐药性
2. B抗生素有意制造出细菌所需的那个突变
3. C少数细菌本来就带有耐药基因，在药物作用下存活并繁殖
4. D每个细菌在接触药物后学会了抵抗

The field of view of a microscope is 0.5 mm wide. About 10 cells fit across it in a line. What is the approximate width of one cell?

1. A5 µm
2. B50 µm
3. C500 µm
4. D0.5 µm