护理入学考试生物练习卷（附答案）

What is a heterotroph?

1. AAn organism that lives only in water
2. BAn organism that makes its own food by photosynthesis
3. CAn organism with no cells
4. DAn organism that gets its food from other organisms

在 DNA 中，腺嘌呤总是与哪种碱基配对？

1. A胞嘧啶
2. B胸腺嘧啶
3. C尿嘧啶
4. D鸟嘌呤

某生物的基因型为 Bb。应如何描述？

1. A隐性纯合子
2. B杂合子
3. C显性纯合子
4. D单倍体

A cut in the skin heals as new skin cells fill the wound. Which process produces these cells?

1. AMitosis
2. BBinary fission
3. CFertilisation
4. DMeiosis

What happens when a ribosome reaches a stop codon on the mRNA?

1. AA special amino acid is added to end the chain
2. BThe mRNA is copied back into DNA
3. CTranslation ends and the protein is released
4. DThe ribosome goes back to the start codon

Nerve cells release chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) stored in vesicles. By which process are they released?

1. AEndocytosis
2. BOsmosis
3. CExocytosis
4. DPhagocytosis

An old idea says giraffes got long necks because each one stretched to reach leaves and passed the longer neck to its young. Why is this idea rejected?

1. AGiraffes do not eat leaves from tall trees, so stretching is not needed
2. BNeck length is not affected by any genes
3. CChanges acquired in a lifetime are not passed on in the genes
4. DOnly plants can pass on traits to offspring

Finches on the Galápagos Islands have different beak shapes on islands with different foods. What is the best explanation?

1. ANatural selection favoured beaks suited to each food source
2. BThe birds were all created with the same beak and it never changed
3. CEach bird changed its beak by using it more
4. DThe beaks changed because the birds chose to eat new food